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    The point is that O'Donnell was quite correct when she asserted that
    separation of church and state was not in the Constitution. <br>
    <br>
    <br>
    On 10/20/10 9:22 PM, Morton K. Brussel wrote:
    <blockquote
      cite="mid:811A1891-4258-44FC-9622-881FCB13443E@illinois.edu"
      type="cite">You haven't answered my question! Rather you are
      choosing an interpretation rejected by the Supreme court. "… make
      no law… prohibiting the free exercise thereof" does not imply
      disestablishment from established church-state connections of the
      time, but rather making no law prohibiting the free exercise o<i>f
        religion</i> (by non state agents). 
      <div><br>
      </div>
      <div>Yes, arguments continue to fly back and forth by interested
        parties, but the Supreme court, whose responsibility is to
        interpret the Constitution, has spoken. </div>
      <div><br>
      </div>
      <div>--mkb</div>
      <div> <br>
        <div>
          <div>On Oct 20, 2010, at 8:10 PM, C. G. Estabrook wrote:</div>
          <br class="Apple-interchange-newline">
          <blockquote type="cite">
            <div bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000"> The precise words:
              "Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of
              religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof" -
              i.e., Congress is prohibited from either establishing a
              religion (= church) where it isn't established, or
              disestablishing one where it is established  - as it was
              in six states in 1787.<br>
              <br>
              There isn't any argument on this point among legal
              scholars.  If you're impressed by Wikipedia accounts, see
              <br>
              <br>
              <a moz-do-not-send="true" class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E"
href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Establishment_Clause_of_the_First_Amendment">&lt;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Establishment_Clause_of_the_First_Amendment&gt;</a>
              <br>
              <br>
              - or the Law Review article I cited, available through the
              library.   --CGE<br>
              <br>
              <br>
              On 10/20/10 7:48 PM, Morton K. Brussel wrote:
              <blockquote
                cite="mid:AD06DD35-743E-43BC-94CB-5D156DBFFE98@illinois.edu"
                type="cite">"…And that's quite clear (sic): Congress was
                not permitted to disestablish a church in any state
                where it was established…"
                <div><br>
                </div>
                <div>Please tell us where in the Constitution you find
                  these precise words". </div>
                <div><br>
                </div>
                <div>Evidently you are a greater authority on the
                  Consititution than the Supreme Court, as per the
                  Wikipedia statement cited. Constitution</div>
                <div><br>
                </div>
                <div><br>
                </div>
                <div><br>
                  <div>
                    <div>On Oct 20, 2010, at 6:59 PM, C. G. Estabrook
                      wrote:</div>
                    <br class="Apple-interchange-newline">
                    <blockquote type="cite">
                      <div bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000"> The
                        question as posed is what the Constitution
                        said.  And that's quite clear: Congress was not
                        permitted to disestablish a church in any state
                        where it was established (although of course the
                        state could do it itself).<br>
                        <br>
                        O'Donnell was correct that the Constitution did
                        not require the separation of church and state.<br>
                        <br>
                        <br>
                        On 10/20/10 6:53 PM, Morton K. Brussel wrote:
                        <blockquote
                          cite="mid:03288C77-88B2-466E-907A-989BC0DD377C@illinois.edu"
                          type="cite"><font class="Apple-style-span"
                            face="Palatino">A more balanced reading
                            comes from Wikipedia, where there is an
                            extended discussion. In its opening
                            statement there is the following:</font>
                          <div><br>
                          </div>
                          <div>The metaphor  [a wall of separation
                            between church and state] was intended, as
                            The U.S. Supreme Court has currently
                            interpreted it since 1947, to mean that
                            religion and government must stay separate
                            for the benefit of both,<i><b> including the
                                idea that the government must not impose
                                religion on Americans nor create any law
                                requiring it</b></i> (my emphasis).  It
                            has since been in several opinions handed
                            down by the <a moz-do-not-send="true"
                              href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Supreme_Court"
                              title="United States Supreme Court"
                              class="mw-redirect">United States Supreme
                              Court</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-0"
                              class="reference"><a
                                moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States#cite_note-0"><span>[</span>1<span>]</span></a></sup>
                            though the Court has not always fully
                            embraced the principle.<sup id="cite_ref-1"
                              class="reference"><a
                                moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States#cite_note-1"><span>[</span>2<span>]</span></a></sup><sup
                              id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a
                                moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States#cite_note-2"><span>[</span>3<span>]</span></a></sup><sup
                              id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a
                                moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States#cite_note-3"><span>[</span>4<span>]</span></a></sup><sup
                              id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a
                                moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States#cite_note-4"><span>[</span>5<span>]</span></a></sup><sup
                              id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><span><a
                                  moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States#cite_note-5">[</a></span><a
                                moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States#cite_note-5">6</a><span><a
                                  moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States#cite_note-5">]</a></span></sup></div>
                          <div><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><br>
                            </sup></div>
                          <div style="font-size: 14px;"><sup
                              id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a
                                moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Separation_of_church_and_state_in_the_United_States</a></sup></div>
                          <div><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><br>
                            </sup></div>
                          <div><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><font
                                class="Apple-style-span" face="Palatino"
                                size="3"><span class="Apple-style-span"
                                  style="font-size: 12px;">The wish to
                                  control and impose religion on others,
                                  i.e. thought control, is the reason
                                  for the cited high court's decisions.
                                  Madison was perhaps the chief
                                  proponent, with Jefferson, of the
                                  "wall of separation". Of course,
                                  Estabrook et al. tries to disparage
                                  this interpretation, claiming that
                                  these writers of the Constitution were
                                  just anti-democratic wealthy men (as
                                  reflected in the first amendment and
                                  the rest of the Constitution). </span></font></sup></div>
                          <div><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><font
                                class="Apple-style-span" size="3"><span
                                  class="Apple-style-span"
                                  style="font-size: 12px;"><br>
                                </span></font></sup></div>
                          <div><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><font
                                class="Apple-style-span" size="3"><span
                                  class="Apple-style-span"
                                  style="font-size: 12px;">--mkb</span></font></sup></div>
                          <div><font class="Apple-style-span" size="2"><span
                                class="Apple-style-span"
                                style="font-size: 10px;"><br>
                              </span></font></div>
                          <div><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><span></span></sup><font
                              class="Apple-style-span" size="2"><span
                                class="Apple-style-span"
                                style="font-size: 10px;"><br>
                              </span></font>
                            <div>
                              <div>On Oct 20, 2010, at 5:53 PM, C. G.
                                Estabrook wrote:</div>
                              <br class="Apple-interchange-newline">
                              <blockquote type="cite">
                                <div bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000">
                                  Wayne is quite right. In fact the
                                  First Amendment was designed in part
                                  precisely to <i><b>prevent</b></i> <i><b>Congress
                                      from interfering</b></i> in those
                                  states where religion (= a church
                                  organization) <i><b>was established</b></i>
                                  (= supported by tax money): Congress
                                  was prohibited by this amendment from
                                  separating church and state in the six
                                  states that had established religions
                                  (= state churches) in 1787.<br>
                                  <br>
                                  The separation of church and state, an
                                  Enlightenment goal, was slowly
                                  achieved in the US as the various
                                  state churches were disestablished
                                  (allowing us actually to use the word
                                  "antidisestablishmentarianism"). But
                                  the Bill of Rights was always meant as
                                  a limitation on the power of the
                                  federal government - a price for the
                                  ratification of the largely
                                  anti-democratic and pro-elite
                                  Constitution of 1787.<br>
                                  <br>
                                  See McConnell, <i>The Origins and
                                    Historical Understanding of Free
                                    Exercise of Religion</i>, 103 Harv.
                                  L. Rev. 1409, 1437 (1990)<br>
                                  <br>
                                  <br>
                                  On 10/20/10 5:34 PM, E. Wayne Johnson
                                  wrote:
                                  <blockquote
                                    cite="mid:4CBF6E6A.8030306@pigs.ag"
                                    type="cite">First Amendment: <br>
                                    Congress shall make no law
                                    respecting an establishment of
                                    religion, or prohibiting the free
                                    exercise thereof; <br>
                                    or abridging the freedom of speech,
                                    or of the press; or the right of the
                                    people peaceably to assemble, <br>
                                    and to petition the Government for a
                                    redress of grievances. <br>
                                    <br>
                                    Christine is certainly not wrong and
                                    knows how to read. <br>
                                    <br>
                                    <br>
                                    On 10/21/2010 2:18 AM, Robert Naiman
                                    wrote: <br>
                                    <blockquote type="cite">Republican
                                      Christine O'Donnell challenged her
                                      Democratic rival Tuesday <br>
                                      to show where the Constitution
                                      requires separation of church and
                                      <br>
                                      state, drawing swift criticism
                                      from her opponent, laughter from
                                      her <br>
                                      law school audience and a quick
                                      defense from prominent
                                      conservatives. <br>
                                      [...] <br>
                                      The subject of religion and the
                                      law came up during their debate at
                                      <br>
                                      Widener University Law School as
                                      O'Donnell criticized Coons for
                                      saying <br>
                                      that teaching creationism in
                                      public school would violate the <br>
                                      Constitution. <br>
                                      <br>
                                      O'Donnell questions separation of
                                      church, state <br>
                                      <a moz-do-not-send="true"
                                        class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
href="http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2010/10/19/AR2010101902501.html">http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2010/10/19/AR2010101902501.html</a>
                                      <br>
                                      <br>
                                      <br>
                                    </blockquote>
                                  </blockquote>
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                              </blockquote>
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                        </blockquote>
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                    </blockquote>
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                  <br>
                </div>
              </blockquote>
            </div>
          </blockquote>
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