<html><head></head><body style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space; ">Too bad! He should have learned something from Pappe. It seems that Chomsky can't quite get over his former affinity for Zionism. <div><br></div><div>From The Electronic Intifada: <a href="http://electronicintifada.net/v2/article11619.shtml">http://electronicintifada.net/v2/article11619.shtml</a></div><div><br></div><div><font class="text14"><font class="content">Whereas
readers' understanding of the motivations of US policy towards Israel
and the Palestinians will be broadened by Pappé's essay, activists will
be left confounded by Chomsky's conclusions regarding the boycott,
divestment and sanctions (BDS) movement. Chomsky claims the time is not
yet "ripe" and thus BDS simply won't be effective. In the case of South
Africa, he says, there was widespread condemnation of apartheid even in
the mainstream media and among corporations. In the case of Israel,
however, Chomsky warns that the "preparatory educational and organizing
work has scarcely been done." Yet he fails to acknowledge both the
potential of BDS to educate and build that momentum -- especially
considering its successes over the past year. Papée, however, sees BDS
as "the only nonviolent strategy open for Palestinians at this stage."<br>
<br>
Readers may be similarly confused by the mixed messages delivered by the
two scholars on the "one-state solution," seen as the alternative to
the moribund two-state proposal. Pappé and Chomsky join the increasingly
mainstream consensus deriding the notion that a truly viable,
independent Palestinian state is actually possible. "The 'facts on the
ground,'" writes Pappé, "have rendered a two-state solution impossible a
long time ago." He adds that "There was never and will never be Israeli
consent to a Palestinian state apart from a stateless state within two
Bantustans in the West Bank and Gaza, which Israel controls indirectly
through proxies such as a collaborationist Palestinian Authority." <br>
<br>
However, the two scholars do not see a one-state solution on the
horizon. Chomsky warns that a one-state solution will "arise only on the
US model: with extermination or expulsion of the indigenous
population." Pappé concurs, concluding that the growing lack of faith in
the viability of two states is not likely to produce a dramatic change
of orientation or policy among the political power brokers. Readers are
left feeling confused and demotivated by the seemingly hopeless
conundrum: the possibility of two states has been extinguished by facts
on the ground, but Israel won't agree to one, democratic state.<br>
<br>
Instead, Chomsky advocates a binational state, with two fairly distinct
societies living side by side, governed by autonomous systems. However,
no reasoning is offered as to why Israelis -- if the decision is going
to be left up to them -- would accept this alternative. After all, it
would still require Palestinians and Israelis living side by side in
equality. <br>
<br>
In contrast, Pappé advocates a "back-door" approach to lobbying for one
country. The movement should focus its energies on "unmasking the
paradigm of parity" -- the common belief that the wrongs that must be
redressed began in 1967 rather than 1948. In other words, once the
discussion is changed from an exclusive focus on the occupation of the
West Bank (including East Jerusalem) and the Gaza Strip, to the
expulsion from historic Palestine in 1948, the concept of one state will
become a natural progression. <br>
<br>
Meanwhile, to help lay the groundwork for a one-state movement that is
"potent, popular and political," says Pappé, several projects should be
taken on: a survey of attitudes toward the idea; a campaign to educate
key stakeholders on the option; work teams to begin proposing a possible
constitution, educational system, etc.; guidelines for an economic
system; and citizenship laws. <br>
<br>
Neither Chomsky nor Pappé are optimistic about what the administration
of US President Barack Obama can accomplish. Chomsky writes in the final
chapter that "there should be little difficulty in understanding why
those whose eyes are not closed tight by rigid doctrine dismiss Obama's
yearning for human rights and democracy as a joke in bad taste." Rather,
it will be up to civil society to force change from below. As Pappé
adds, "The lesson to activists is stark and simple -- the future lies in
their hands, including the fate of Palestine."<br>
<br>
For readers who want a compendium of some of Chomsky's and Pappé's most
trenchant observations on the conflict, including the Israeli raid on
the Freedom Flotilla, this is their book. Although their observations on
possible avenues to justice such as BDS and the one-state solution are
not always in line with where the activist community is moving, Chomsky
and Pappé always challenge and test. Rather, what is lacking is a
combination of their two perspectives into a more coherent map of the
present and blueprint for the future.<br>
<br>
<em>Pam Bailey is a peace activist and communications professional from
Maryland who recently received a Community Human Rights Award from the
UN Association of the National Capitol Area. She can be contacted at
peacenut57 A T yahoo D O T com.</em><br>
<br>
<br>
<strong>Related Links</strong><ul><li><a href="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/1608460975/theelectronic-20">Purchase <em>Gaza in Crisis</em> on Amazon.com</a></li></ul></font>
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<img src="http://electronicintifada.net/artman2/images/spacer.gif" alt="" height="59" width="59"><br><div><div><br></div><div><br><div><div>On Nov 24, 2010, at 7:36 PM, C. G. Estabrook wrote:</div><br class="Apple-interchange-newline"><blockquote type="cite">
<div bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000">
This is in fact Pappe's view, not Chomsky's. They author alternating
chapters of this book, and this section was a chapter by Pappe.<br>
<br>
Chomsky, an anarchist, has said consistently that he prefers a
"no-state" solution. <font class="text14"><font class="content">"Chomsky
warns that a one-state solution will 'arise only on the US
model: with extermination or expulsion of the indigenous
population' ... Instead, Chomsky advocates a binational state,
with two fairly distinct societies living side by side, governed
by autonomous systems"
<a class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E" href="http://electronicintifada.net/v2/article11619.shtml"><http://electronicintifada.net/v2/article11619.shtml></a>.<br>
<br>
Here's Chomsky's view:<br>
<br>
"For many of the world's conflicts, it is difficult even to
conjure up a feasible settlement. In this case
[Israel-Palestine], not only is it possible, but there is
near-universal agreement on its basic contours: a two-state
settlement along the internationally recognised (pre-June 1967)
borders - with 'minor and mutual modifications', to adopt
official US terminology before Washington departed from the
international community in the mid-1970s.<br>
<br>
"The basic principles have been accepted by virtually the entire
world, including the Arab states (which call for the full
normalisation of relations), the Organisation of the Islamic
Conference (including Iran) and relevant non-state actors
(including Hamas). A settlement along these lines was first
proposed at the UN Security Council in January 1976 and backed
by the major Arab states. Israel refused to attend. The United
States vetoed the resolution, and did so again in 1980. The
record at the General Assembly since is similar."<br>
<br>
<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="http://www.newstatesman.com/middle-east/2010/11/israel-chomsky-obama">http://www.newstatesman.com/middle-east/2010/11/israel-chomsky-obama</a><br>
<br>
</font></font>On 11/24/10 6:07 PM, Brussel Morton K. wrote:
<blockquote cite="mid:95CE8B49-1D66-45DF-B086-AF239AEF6BB8@COMCAST.NET" type="cite">Quite a coming-around for Chomsky in this new
fascinating essay by Pappe and Chomsky on the possibility of a one
state solution in Israel-Palestine. Chomsky had until recently
refused to consider seriously a "one state solution". It seems
that Ilan Pappe has helped to change his mind, together with facts
"on the ground". See this absorbing article at
<div><br>
</div>
<div><a moz-do-not-send="true" href="http://www.truth-out.org/blueprint-a-one-state-movement65376">http://www.truth-out.org/blueprint-a-one-state-movement65376</a><br>
<div><br>
</div>
<div><em>This is An excerpt from <a moz-do-not-send="true" target="_blank" href="http://www.gazaincrisis.org/">Gaza
in Crisis: Reflections on Israel’s War Against the
Palestinians</a>, by Noam Chomsky and Ilan Pappé, edited
by Frank Barat</em></div>
</div>
<div><em><br>
</em></div>
<div><em>--mkb</em></div>
<div><em><br>
</em></div>
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