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<DIV style="font-color: black"><B>From:</B> <A title=battard@comcast.net
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<DIV><B>Sent:</B> February 13, 2013 11:37 AM</DIV>
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href="mailto:policeoversight@yahoogroups.com">policeoversight@yahoogroups.com</A>
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<DIV><B>Subject:</B> [police oversight] NY Times: Why Police Lie Under Oath and
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<P><BR>OPINION Why Police Lie Under Oath<BR><BR>By MICHELLE
ALEXANDER<BR><BR>Published: February 2, 2013 New York Times<BR><BR>THOUSANDS of
people plead guilty to crimes every year in the United States<BR>because they
know that the odds of a jurys believing their word over a<BR>police officers
are slim to none. As a juror, whom are you likely to<BR>believe: the alleged
criminal in an orange jumpsuit or two well-groomed<BR>police officers in
uniforms who just swore to God theyre telling the truth,<BR>the whole truth and
nothing but? As one of my colleagues recently put it,<BR>Everyone knows you
have to be crazy to accuse the police of lying. <BR><BR>But are police officers
necessarily more trustworthy than alleged criminals?<BR>I think not. Not just
because the police have a special inclination toward<BR>confabulation, but
because, disturbingly, they have an incentive to lie. In<BR>this era of mass
incarceration, the police shouldnt be trusted any more<BR>than any other
witness, perhaps less so. <BR><BR>That may sound harsh, but numerous law
enforcement officials have put the<BR>matter more bluntly. Peter Keane, a former
San Francisco Police<BR>commissioner, wrote an article in The San Francisco
Chronicle decrying a<BR>police culture that treats lying as the norm: Police
officer perjury in<BR>court to justify illegal dope searches is commonplace. One
of the dirty<BR>little not-so-secret secrets of the criminal justice system is
undercover<BR>narcotics officers intentionally lying under oath. It is a
perversion of the<BR>American justice system that strikes directly at the rule
of law. Yet it is<BR>the routine way of doing business in courtrooms everywhere
in America. <BR><BR>The New York City Police Department is not exempt from this
critique. In<BR>2011, hundreds of drug cases were dismissed after several police
officers<BR>were accused of mishandling evidence. That year, Justice Gustin L.
Reichbach<BR>of the State Supreme Court in Brooklyn condemned a widespread
culture of<BR>lying and corruption in the departments drug enforcement units.
I thought<BR>I was not naïve, he said when announcing a guilty verdict
involving a<BR>police detective who had planted crack cocaine on a pair of
suspects. But<BR>even this court was shocked, not only by the seeming pervasive
scope of<BR>misconduct but even more distressingly by the seeming casualness by
which<BR>such conduct is employed. <BR><BR>Remarkably, New York City officers
have been found to engage in patterns of<BR>deceit in cases involving charges as
minor as trespass. In September it was<BR>reported that the Bronx district
attorneys office was so alarmed by police<BR>lying that it decided to stop
prosecuting people who were stopped and<BR>arrested for trespassing at public
housing projects, unless prosecutors<BR>first interviewed the arresting officer
to ensure the arrest was actually<BR>warranted. Jeannette Rucker, the chief of
arraignments for the Bronx<BR>district attorney, explained in a letter that it
had become apparent that<BR>the police were arresting people even when there was
convincing evidence<BR>that they were innocent. To justify the arrests, Ms.
Rucker claimed, police<BR>officers provided false written statements, and in
depositions, the<BR>arresting officers gave false testimony. <BR><BR>Mr. Keane,
in his Chronicle article, offered two major reasons the police<BR>lie so much.
First, because they can. Police officers know that in a<BR>swearing match
between a drug defendant and a police officer, the judge<BR>always rules in
favor of the officer. At worst, the case will be dismissed,<BR>but the officer
is free to continue business as usual. Second, criminal<BR>defendants are
typically poor and uneducated, often belong to a racial<BR>minority, and often
have a criminal record. Police know that no one cares<BR>about these people,
Mr. Keane explained. <BR><BR>All true, but there is more to the story than that.
<BR><BR>Police departments have been rewarded in recent years for the sheer
numbers<BR>of stops, searches and arrests. In the war on drugs, federal grant
programs<BR>like the Edward Byrne Memorial Justice Assistance Grant Program
have<BR>encouraged state and local law enforcement agencies to boost drug
arrests in<BR>order to compete for millions of dollars in funding. Agencies
receive cash<BR>rewards for arresting high numbers of people for drug offenses,
no matter<BR>how minor the offenses or how weak the evidence. Law enforcement
has<BR>increasingly become a numbers game. And as it has, police officers
tendency<BR>to regard procedural rules as optional and to lie and distort the
facts has<BR>grown as well. Numerous scandals involving police officers lying or
planting<BR>drugs in Tulia, Tex. and Oakland, Calif., for example have been
linked<BR>to federally funded drug task forces eager to keep the cash rolling
in. <BR><BR>THE pressure to boost arrest numbers is not limited to drug law
enforcement.<BR>Even where no clear financial incentives exist, the get tough
movement has<BR>warped police culture to such a degree that police chiefs and
individual<BR>officers feel pressured to meet stop-and-frisk or arrest quotas in
order to<BR>prove their productivity. <BR><BR>For the record, the New York
City police commissioner, Raymond W. Kelly,<BR>denies that his department has
arrest quotas. Such denials are mandatory,<BR>given that quotas are illegal
under state law. But as the Urban Justice<BR>Centers Police Reform Organizing
Project has documented, numerous officers<BR>have contradicted Mr. Kelly. In
2010, a New York City police officer named<BR>Adil Polanco told a local ABC News
reporter that our primary job is not to<BR>help anybody, our primary job is not
to assist anybody, our primary job is<BR>to get those numbers and come back with
them. He continued: At the end of<BR>the night you have to come back with
something. You have to write somebody,<BR>you have to arrest somebody, even if
the crime is not committed, the<BR>numbers there. So our choice is to come up
with the number. <BR><BR>Exposing police lying is difficult largely because it
is rare for the police<BR>to admit their own lies or to acknowledge the lies of
other officers. This<BR>reluctance derives partly from the code of silence that
governs police<BR>practice and from the ways in which the system of mass
incarceration is<BR>structured to reward dishonesty. But its also because
police officers are<BR>human. <BR><BR>Research shows that ordinary human beings
lie a lot multiple times a day <BR>even when theres no clear benefit to
lying. Generally, humans lie about<BR>relatively minor things like I lost your
phone number; thats why I didnt<BR>call or No, really, you dont look fat.
But humans can also be persuaded<BR>to lie about far more important matters,
especially if the lie will enhance<BR>or protect their reputation or standing in
a group. <BR><BR>The natural tendency to lie makes quota systems and financial
incentives<BR>that reward the police for the sheer numbers of people stopped,
frisked or<BR>arrested especially dangerous. One lie can destroy a life,
resulting in the<BR>loss of employment, a prison term and relegation to
permanent second-class<BR>status. The fact that our legal system has become so
tolerant of police<BR>lying indicates how corrupted our criminal justice system
has become by<BR>declarations of war, get tough mantras, and a seemingly
insatiable<BR>appetite for locking up and locking out the poorest and darkest
among us. <BR><BR>And, no, Im not crazy for thinking so. <BR><BR>Michelle
Alexander is the author of The New Jim Crow: Mass Incarceration in<BR>the Age
of Colorblindness.<BR><BR><A
href="http://www.nytimes.com/2013/02/03/opinion/sunday/why-police-officers-lie-un">http://www.nytimes.com/2013/02/03/opinion/sunday/why-police-officers-lie-un</A><BR>der-oath.html?pagewanted=1><BR><A
href="http://www.nytimes.com/2013/02/03/opinion/sunday/why-police-officers-lie-und">http://www.nytimes.com/2013/02/03/opinion/sunday/why-police-officers-lie-und</A><BR>er-oath.html?pagewanted=1<BR><BR>Police
Dishonesty in the Courtroom<BR><BR>Published: February 10, 2013 <BR><BR>To the
Editor: <BR><BR>For Op-Ed, follow <A
href="https://twitter.com/#%21/nytopinion">https://twitter.com/#%21/nytopinion</A>>
@nytopinion and to<BR>hear from the editorial page editor, Andrew Rosenthal,
follow<BR><A
href="https://twitter.com/#%21/andyrNYT">https://twitter.com/#%21/andyrNYT</A>>
@andyrNYT.<BR><BR>Re <BR><A
href="http://www.nytimes.com/2013/02/03/opinion/sunday/why-police-officers-lie-un">http://www.nytimes.com/2013/02/03/opinion/sunday/why-police-officers-lie-un</A><BR>der-oath.html>
Why Police Lie Under Oath, by Michelle Alexander (Sunday<BR>Review, Feb. 3):
<BR><BR>Police lie under oath because theyre cynical. To posit that the
average<BR>police officer is motivated by some system of rewards, or to give
credence<BR>to the argument by a former San Francisco police commissioner, Peter
Keane,<BR>that police lie because they can, is simplistic at best. Police
officers<BR>also lie because they believe, albeit often wrongly, that theyre
performing<BR>a public service by ensuring that defendants are convicted.
<BR><BR>Ms. Alexander is correct that this is a problem. But to ignore the
cynicism<BR>created by a legal system, a government and a larger society (think
of the<BR>Wall Street scandals) where bad behavior is commonplace and very often
goes<BR>unpunished is to miss the point. And excoriating the police while
ignoring<BR>the rest is tantamount to treating the symptoms of a disease
while<BR>overlooking root causes. <BR><BR>ANDY ROSENZWEIG<BR>Newport, R.I., Feb.
3, 2013 <BR><BR>The writer is a retired New York Police Department lieutenant
and a former<BR>chief investigator for the Manhattan district attorney.
<BR><BR>To the Editor: <BR><BR>The tone of Michelle Alexanders essay offers yet
another example of how<BR>American law enforcement and its academic critics keep
talking past each<BR>other, to their and societys detriment. While there are
far too many police<BR>officers who are arrogantly convinced they can do no
wrong, there are also<BR>far too many pundits who believe the police can do no
right. <BR><BR>To give Professor Alexander her due, the enduring problem of
police<BR>corruption demands urgent attention through improved standards for
hiring,<BR>training, leadership and accountability. With that said, to argue as
she<BR>does that police witnesses might deserve less trust than others is not
only<BR>to impugn the integrity of the vast majority of officers, but also to
be<BR>blind to the uncomfortable reality that most people arrested for
conspicuous<BR>street crimes are so manifestly guilty that their actions need
hardly be<BR>embellished by police lies. <BR><BR>JONATHAN M. WENDER<BR>Seattle,
Feb. 4, 2013 <BR><BR>The writer is a former police officer and a professor of
sociology at the<BR>University of Washington. <BR><BR>To the Editor:
<BR><BR>Michelle Alexander suggests two explanations for why officers lie:
because<BR>they can, and to increase arrests. I would like to suggest a third.
<BR><BR>Our system openly embraces certain police lies, such as undercover lies
and<BR>lies to induce confessions. Given that officers also lie under oath, one
has<BR>to wonder: Does the acceptance of lying in the field have a spillover
effect<BR>into the courtroom? Can an officer who is trained to live an
undercover lie<BR>fairly be expected to turn off the duplicity spigot upon
crossing the<BR>threshold into the courtroom? <BR><BR>While ending all
investigative lies is probably an unrealistic goal, it may<BR>be time to
question our reflexive assumption that these lies are good<BR>lies. If we can
nudge the police toward a stronger culture of honesty in the<BR>field, then
perhaps we can better rely on them to maintain honesty in the<BR>courtroom.
<BR><BR>DANIEL E. MONNAT<BR>Wichita, Kan., Feb. 5, 2013 <BR><BR>The writer is a
lawyer. <BR><BR>To the Editor: <BR><BR>For poor people of color trapped in the
criminal justice system, the fact<BR>that police lie is a self-evident truth.
They do so routinely and with<BR>impunity. <BR><BR>Last fall, the criminal
defense clinic at Benjamin N. Cardozo School of Law<BR>represented a young black
man charged with possession of a knife (recovered<BR>from his pants pocket)
after he was searched by a police officer who swore <BR>under penalty of
perjury that the client was blocking the entrance to a<BR>building in
violation of a disorderly conduct statute. A video obtained from<BR>an adjacent
store revealed a very different reality just a young kid<BR>talking with
friends, never blocking anyones way. <BR><BR>Too often, though, without a
video, our clients accounts of the lies told<BR>by police fall on deaf ears.
Prosecutors and judges engage in cognitive<BR>dissonance on the one hand
understanding that police lie; on the other,<BR>failing to address the issue in
any meaningful way. <BR><BR>Perhaps this is because our criminal justice system
relies so heavily on the<BR>assumption of police as truth tellers. Acknowledging
the problem threatens<BR>the very foundation of an already dysfunctional system.
<BR><BR>For those who have experienced the corrupting effect of police
lies,<BR>however, the question remains: what will it take to break a police
practice<BR>that leads to so much injustice? <BR><BR>JENNIFER BLASSER<BR>New
York, Feb. 4, 2013 <BR><BR>The writer is a clinical assistant professor at
Benjamin N. Cardozo School<BR>of Law. <BR><BR><A
href="http://www.nytimes.com/2013/02/11/opinion/police-dishonesty-in-the-courtroo">http://www.nytimes.com/2013/02/11/opinion/police-dishonesty-in-the-courtroo</A><BR>m.html?emc=tnt&tntemail1=y><BR><A
href="http://www.nytimes.com/2013/02/11/opinion/police-dishonesty-in-the-courtroom">http://www.nytimes.com/2013/02/11/opinion/police-dishonesty-in-the-courtroom</A><BR>.html?emc=tnt&tntemail1=y
<BR><BR>Pictures deleted.<BR><BR>Barbara
Attard<BR>www.accountabilityassociates.org <A
href="http://www.accountabilityassociates.org/">http://www.accountabilityassociates.org/</A>>
<BR><BR>[Non-text portions of this message have been removed]<BR><BR></P></DIV><!--~-|**|PrettyHtmlStart|**|-~-->
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font-size: 10px;
padding: 10px;
}
#activity span {
font-weight: 700;
}
#activity span:first-child {
text-transform: uppercase;
}
#activity span a {
color: #5085b6;
text-decoration: none;
}
#activity span span {
color: #ff7900;
}
#activity span .underline {
text-decoration: underline;
}
.attach {
clear: both;
display: table;
font-family: arial;
font-size: 12px;
padding: 10px 0;
width: 400px;
}
.attach div a {
text-decoration: none;
}
.attach img {
border: none;
padding-right: 5px;
}
.attach label {
display: block;
margin-bottom: 5px;
}
.attach label a {
text-decoration: none;
}
blockquote {
margin: 0 0 0 4px;
}
.bold {
font-family: arial;
font-size: 13px;
font-weight: 700;
}
.bold a {
text-decoration: none;
}
dd.last p a {
font-family: verdana;
font-weight: 700;
}
dd.last p span {
margin-right: 10px;
font-family: verdana;
font-weight: 700;
}
dd.last p span.yshortcuts {
margin-right: 0;
}
div.attach-table div div a {
text-decoration: none;
}
div.attach-table {
width: 400px;
}
div.file-title a, div.file-title a:active, div.file-title a:hover, div.file-title a:visited {
text-decoration: none;
}
div.photo-title a, div.photo-title a:active, div.photo-title a:hover, div.photo-title a:visited {
text-decoration: none;
}
div#ygrp-mlmsg #ygrp-msg p a span.yshortcuts {
font-family: verdana;
font-size: 10px;
font-weight: normal;
}
.green {
color: #628c2a;
}
.msonormal {
margin: 0 0 0 0;
}
o {
font-size: 0;
}
#photos div {
float: left;
width: 72px;
}
#photos div div {
border: 1px solid #666666;
height: 62px;
overflow: hidden;
width: 62px;
}
#photos div label {
color: #666666;
font-size: 10px;
overflow: hidden;
text-align: center;
white-space: nowrap;
width: 64px;
}
#reco-category {
font-size: 77%;
}
#reco-desc {
font-size: 77%;
}
.replbq {
margin: 4px;
}
#ygrp-actbar div a:first-child {
/* border-right: 0px solid #000;*/
margin-right: 2px;
padding-right: 5px;
}
#ygrp-mlmsg {
font-size: 13px;
font-family: arial, helvetica,clean, sans-serif;
*font-size: small;
*font: x-small;
}
#ygrp-mlmsg table {
font-size: inherit;
font: 100%;
}
#ygrp-mlmsg select, input, textarea {
font: 99% arial, helvetica, clean, sans-serif;
}
#ygrp-mlmsg pre, code {
font:115% monospace;
*font-size:100%;
}
#ygrp-mlmsg * {
line-height: 1.22em;
}
#ygrp-mlmsg #logo {
padding-bottom: 10px;
}
#ygrp-msg p a {
font-family: verdana;
}
#ygrp-msg p#attach-count span {
color: #1e66ae;
font-weight: 700;
}
#ygrp-reco #reco-head {
color: #ff7900;
font-weight: 700;
}
#ygrp-reco {
margin-bottom: 20px;
padding: 0px;
}
#ygrp-sponsor #ov li a {
font-size: 130%;
text-decoration: none;
}
#ygrp-sponsor #ov li {
font-size: 77%;
list-style-type: square;
padding: 6px 0;
}
#ygrp-sponsor #ov ul {
margin: 0;
padding: 0 0 0 8px;
}
#ygrp-text {
font-family: georgia;
}
#ygrp-text p {
margin: 0 0 1em 0;
}
#ygrp-text tt {
font-size: 120%;
}
#ygrp-vital ul li:last-child {
border-right: none !important;
}
-->
</STYLE>
<!--~-|**|PrettyHtmlEnd|**|-~--><!-- end group email --></DIV></DIV></DIV></BODY></HTML>