<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="0" ><tr><td valign="top" style="font: inherit;">A bazillion photos of Iraqi treasures, some dating from 6000 BC!!<br><br>--- On <b>Fri, 5/24/13, Informed Comment <i><jricole@gmail.com></i></b> wrote:<br><blockquote style="border-left: 2px solid rgb(16, 16, 255); margin-left: 5px; padding-left: 5px;"><br>From: Informed Comment <jricole@gmail.com><br>Subject: Informed Comment<br>To: jencart13@yahoo.com<br>Date: Friday, May 24, 2013, 3:10 PM<br><br><div id="yiv1281339221">


 
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<a rel="nofollow" href="#1">My Visit to the Iraqi National Archives (Photo Gallery)</a>
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<a rel="nofollow" href="#2">“If you Eat a 2000 Hamburgers in the Name of Vegetarianism, You aren’t an Extremist Vegetarian”; Nabil responds to Woolwich Murder</a>
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<a rel="nofollow" href="#3">When Politicians promise ‘Lower Taxes’ they are promising Collapsed Bridges</a>
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<a rel="nofollow" href="#5">Obama: US will Continue its Targeted Killing with Drones (Woods)</a>
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<a rel="nofollow" href="#6">Big Oil’s Hit Men have a Contract to Whack the Earth (Engelhardt)</a>
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<a rel="nofollow" href="#7">Sen. Inhofe: “When a Disaster Occurs in America… Everyone … wants to pour Money on’em”</a>
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<a rel="nofollow" name="1" style="font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;font-size:18px;" target="_blank" href="http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/juancole/ymbn/~3/3ijj2L1RHM4/national-archives-gallery.html?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=email">My Visit to the Iraqi National Archives (Photo Gallery)</a>
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<span>Posted:</span> 24 May 2013 12:17 PM PDT</p>
<div style="margin:0;font-family:Georgia, Helvetica, Arial, Sans-Serif;line-height:140%;font-size:13px;color:#000000;"><p>Here is a photo gallery from my visit on May 9, 2013, to the <a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://www.theiraqmuseum.com/ "> Iraqi National Museum</a>, courtesy the Ministry of Culture.  Ancient Iraq or Mesopotamia was, of course, the cradle of civilization, and the treasures on display are breathtaking.</p>
<p>Donald Rumsfeld <a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://www.savingantiquities.org/10-years-after-why-the-looting-of-the-national-museum-of-iraq-still-matters/ "> allowed thousands of items to be looted from the museum in 2003</a>.  (US soldiers watched the looting happen but were ordered not to intervene).  Many artifacts have been recovered but 3000 – 7000 are still missing.  Most of the really important and striking pieces are back on display.  Some things, including precious cuneiform tablets chronicling the dawn of civilization, were forever destroyed. The damage to the museum and its collection is yet another black mark against the Bush administration and, sorry, the United States of America, which by its illegal and brutal invasion and occupation diminished our store of knowledge about a crucial period of world history.</p>
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<a rel="nofollow" name="2" style="font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;font-size:18px;" target="_blank" href="http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/juancole/ymbn/~3/2XqHQEWNt4c/hamburgers-vegetarianism-vegetarian.html?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=email">“If you Eat a 2000 Hamburgers in the Name of Vegetarianism, You aren’t an Extremist Vegetarian”; Nabil responds to Woolwich Murder</a>
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<span>Posted:</span> 24 May 2013 09:45 AM PDT</p>
<div style="margin:0;font-family:Georgia, Helvetica, Arial, Sans-Serif;line-height:140%;font-size:13px;color:#000000;"><p><a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://youtu.be/RU9QBX4U9qE "> Nabil goes in:</a> A British Muslim responds to the Woolwich murder in which Lee Rigby, 25, of 2nd Battalion The Royal Regiment of Fusiliers, was butchered by clearly unbalanced persons.  Our hearts go out to the Rigbys.</p>
<p></p> 
<p>h/t reddit.com, where it went to the top today.</p>
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<a rel="nofollow" name="3" style="font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;font-size:18px;" target="_blank" href="http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/juancole/ymbn/~3/8B7-TXIg0_8/politicians-promising-collapsed.html?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=email">When Politicians promise ‘Lower Taxes’ they are promising Collapsed Bridges</a>
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<span>Posted:</span> 24 May 2013 09:18 AM PDT</p>
<div style="margin:0;font-family:Georgia, Helvetica, Arial, Sans-Serif;line-height:140%;font-size:13px;color:#000000;"><p>The next time you hear politicians campaigning on “lower taxes,” you should realize two things.  </p>
<p>First, they don’t intend to lower <b>your</b> taxes, which are probably mostly social security.  In fact, they might like effectively to raise those taxes by extending the retirement age.  They mean they intend to lower taxes for rich people and corporations.</p>
<p>Second, what they really mean is that they intend to deny you basic social services of the sort government provides through your taxes, such as upkeep of roads and bridges. They want to allow the trucking and other corporations who use those resources to escape paying for them (most road degradation is caused by trucks), and pass the cost on to you, either in the form of tolls or of deteriorating infrastructure.  I.e., when they campaign on lower taxes they are actually promising you that your bridges will collapse.  Like the one in Washington state.</p>
<p><a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://www.homelandsecuritynewswire.com/report-finds-thousands-us-bridges-dangerous-need-repair "> 12% of bridges –i.e. thousands and thousands of them– in the United States</a> are “structurally deficient.”</p>
<p><a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://seattletimes.com/html/localnews/2021045926_bridgecollapsexml.html?prmid=4939 "> “An I-5 bridge over the Skagit River in Mount Vernon</a>[, Washington,]  collapsed Thursday evening, sending cars and people into the water. Three people were rescued from the water and taken to hospitals.”</p>
<p><a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://youtu.be/aJ1AtCH-XS4 "> AP interviews a survivor</a>:</p>
<p></p> 
<p>The <a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://youtu.be/p9t5BSglnnQ "> implications</a> for other states:</p>
<p></p> 
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<a rel="nofollow" name="4" style="font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;font-size:18px;" target="_blank" href="http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/juancole/ymbn/~3/eu6s9YxHxOA/president-counter-terrorism.html?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=email">President Obama and Counter-Terrorism:  The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly</a>
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<span>Posted:</span> 23 May 2013 11:11 PM PDT</p>
<div style="margin:0;font-family:Georgia, Helvetica, Arial, Sans-Serif;line-height:140%;font-size:13px;color:#000000;"><p>Here are the good, the bad and the ugly things in <a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/president-obamas-may-23-speech-on-national-security-as-prepared-for-delivery/2013/05/23/02c35e30-c3b8-11e2-9fe2-6ee52d0eb7c1_story.html ">  President Obama’s important speech on counter-terrorism</a> Thursday, and in the off-stage steps he has announced that mysteriously did not appear in the speech:</p>
<p><b>The Good</b>:</p>
<p>President Obama seems determined to <a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://www.csmonitor.com/USA/Military/2013/0523/Obama-talks-drones-Will-it-increase-transparency-for-Pentagon-to-take-lead "> give responsibility for drone strikes to the Department of Defense</a>, taking it away from the Central Intelligence Agency.  While there is no automatic Congressional oversight of Pentagon actions and programs, the Congress can at will call over DoD officials to explain themselves.  At the moment, the program is largely handled by the CIA and is covert, so that its very existence could not be admitted by US officials and no public question could be answered about it by, e.g., the Secretary of State.  I have argued that having it in the CIA makes the program profoundly undemocratic and unaccountable.  That 16 senators and congressmen were told about the strikes after the fact (yes) is not sufficient and does not equal informing “Congress,” much less
 the public.</p>
<p>  President Obama appears determined to reduce the use of drone strikes to instances where there is evidence of a clear and present danger to US territory.  At the moment, drones are used in the place of hot pursuit to punish Taliban and al-Qaeda forces based in the tribal belt of Pakistan for supporting or engaging in operations against NATO and the Karzai government over the border in Afghanistan.  Obama made it clear that such ‘force protection’ steps will cease at the end of 2014 with the withdrawal of US combat troops from Afghanistan.  I also read him to say that while a strike might be carried out on an al-Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula operative in Yemen if there was evidence he was imminently involved in an attack on the US, the use of drones to shore up the government in Sanaa against radical Sunni Muslim challengers would cease.</p>
<p>  The president recognizes that a condition of permanent war inevitably undermines democracy (as James Madison held), and wants to end or deeply modify the 2001 Authorization for the Use of Force.  Actually, since the AUMF refers to fighting those who planned and carried out 9/11, and since the remaining such cohort is getting to be small and long in the tooth, I think it would be enough just to interpret the AUMF more literally and to not apply it to territorial, vague al-Qaeda affiliates (Obama implied this).</p>
<p>  Obama tried to shame the Congress into letting him close down Guantanamo, where most of the remaining prisoners have either been declared victims of false arrest or where the case against them has been compromised by the US government use of torture.  Keeping under lock and key dozens of people declared eligible for release, for whom no trial is envisaged, is a profound violation of both US and international law.</p>
<p><b>The Bad</b>:  </p>
<p>Obama’s defense of the continued use of drones skirted many important issues.  He did not admit that the evidence used in deciding to assassinate (yes) someone in a foreign country often comes from shady and manipulative sources and may not always be trustworthy.  He did not admit that the courts in Pakistan, e.g., have found US drone strikes illegal and a violation of Pakistani sovereignty, and that many at the UN and the ICC have similar concerns.  </p>
<p>Obama asserted that the drone strikes are effective.  While this view prevails at the CIA and in the NSC, there are many dissenters from it.  AQAP and other radical Sunni groups have grown in numbers and influence in Yemen during the period of US drone strikes, and possibly because of them.  How effective, then, have they really been?  Inside the Beltway analysts are obsessed with atriting the enemy’s leadership cadre.  But asymmetrical terrorist groups, some of them kin-based, don’t have that big a need for alpha leaders.  Kill one, and a cousin will take over.  Blowing stuff up also isn’t all that hard to do, so killing people who know how to do it doesn’t stop the bombings– others just teach themselves how to make and set off explosives.</p>
<p><b>The Ugly</b></p>
<p>President Obama committed himself to the continued use of targeted assassination via drone.  Although he asserted the validity of a vague doctrine of self-defense as a basis for doing so, many of the considerations above bring that justification into question.</p>
<p>He did not admit that NGO findings that the US has killed at least 400 innocent civilians via drone strikes have been found plausible by academic social scientists</p>
<p>The president spent a lot of time asking Congress to do things that that Tea Party-dominated body will not do.  So, in the end, the speech changes little.  Obama cannot close Guantanamo.  He will continue to drone people, including American citizens, to death.  He will continue to target journalists for intrusive surveillance until, he said, Congress passes a shield law (why can’t he just issue an executive order that journalists are not to be targeted)?  He asked for an increase in foreign aid, which isn’t going to happen.  In his flights of fancy, some of that imaginary money would be used to train security forces in Libya!  That would be an excellent idea, but apparently won’t happen until the Tea Party gets behind it (never).</p>
<p>Obama admitted that the Israel-Palestine issue roils US relations with the Muslim world (though he did not say that it is because the US is helping Israel screw over the stateless Palestinians), and argued for more diplomacy to resolve it.  But the simple fact is that Obama could unilaterally put enormous pressure on Israel to change its policy of stealing Palestinian land and resources simply by declining to use his veto at the UN when the UNSC introduces resolutions of censure against the Israeli government for its illegal actions against the Palestinians.  The proposition that the government of Binyamin Netanyahu is likely to take any steps toward genuine peace with the Palestinians is risible.</p>
<p>I’d just like to point out in closing that counter-terrorism in the Muslim world could usefully begin with better explaining the United States.  We can’t do that very well with skeleton crews cowering in embassies in Tunis and Tripoli; Obama needs to stop being so afraid of the Republicans and let the diplomats do their work out there.</p>
<p>Some US policy may be objectionable, but people often don’t even know the basics about the US in the region.  Most of them don’t speak English (yes), and the number of solid  Arabic, Persian, Urdu, Indonesian and Swahili books about the United States is tiny.  I have published books in Arabic about Thomas Jefferson and Martin Luther King in the past couple of years.  The US government has a small translation program, but it hasn’t really gotten the word out about real US values.  It should be expanded and efforts should be made to get these books into high school and university courses.  Moreover, that al-Hurra satellite television channel needs to be rethought; almost no one watches it. The US isn’t serious about communicating with people instead of droning them until it does something serious about this Information Gap.</p>
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<a rel="nofollow" name="5" style="font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;font-size:18px;" target="_blank" href="http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/juancole/ymbn/~3/7B-SUsloL1Y/continue-targeted-killing.html?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=email">Obama: US will Continue its Targeted Killing with Drones (Woods)</a>
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<span>Posted:</span> 23 May 2013 10:20 PM PDT</p>
<div style="margin:0;font-family:Georgia, Helvetica, Arial, Sans-Serif;line-height:140%;font-size:13px;color:#000000;"><p><i> Chris Woods writes at the Bureau of Investigative Journalism </i></p>
<p>Barack Obama has made it clear that the US will continue with its controversial targeted killing programme.</p>
<p>In a major speech the US president also announced that he has signed into force a new – and secret – rule book for lethal action that provides ‘clear guidelines, oversight and accountability’ for covert drone strikes.</p>
<p>Journalists briefed on the contents of the Presidential Policy Guidance reported that much-criticised attacks on groups of men based on their patterns of behaviour – so-called ‘signature strikes’ – may come to an end. And counter-terrorism officials indicated that control of covert drone strikes will progressively pass from the Central Intelligence Agency to the Pentagon.</p>
<p>According to the <a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://www.nytimes.com/2013/05/24/us/politics/pivoting-from-a-war-footing-obama-acts-to-curtail-drones.html?hp">New York Times</a>, the rules will also ’impose the same standard for strikes on foreign enemies now used only for American citizens deemed to be terrorists’.</p>
<p><strong>Impassioned defence</strong></p>
<p><a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://www.nytimes.com/2013/05/24/us/politics/transcript-of-obamas-speech-on-drone-policy.html?pagewanted=all">Speaking for an hour</a> in front of an invited audience at the National Defense University in Washington DC, Obama made an impassioned defence of the US targeted killing programme, insisting that it was both effective and legal.</p>
<p>He addressed head-on controversies surrounding civilian casualties. Acknowledging that there was a ‘wide gap’ between US and non-governmental assessments, he bluntly conceded that civilians have died in US strikes. Obama said that for himself and ‘those in my chain of command, these deaths will haunt us as long as we live’.</p>
<p>He declared: ‘before any strike is taken, there must be near-certainty that no civilians will be killed or injured – the highest standard we can set.’</p>
<p>But he also insisted that civilian deaths were sometimes a necessary risk. ‘As Commander-in-Chief, I must weigh these heartbreaking tragedies against the alternatives. To do nothing in the face of terrorist networks would invite far more civilian casualties – not just in our cities at home and facilities abroad, but also in the very places –like Sana’a and Kabul and Mogadishu – where terrorists seek a foothold.’</p>
<blockquote><p>
<em><strong>These deaths will haunt us as long as we live.</strong></em><br>
<strong>– President Obama<br>
</strong></p>
</blockquote>
<p><a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://www.thebureauinvestigates.com/category/projects/drone-data/">Bureau estimates</a> indicate that since 2002, at least 2,800 people have died in 420 covert drone strikes in Pakistan, Yemen and Somalia. Of those killed, more than 400 are likely to have been civilians.</p>
<p>Obama has so far carried out seven times more covert drone strikes than his predecessor, George W Bush. However, the number of reported strikes has <a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://www.thebureauinvestigates.com/2013/01/03/emerging-from-the-shadows-us-covert-drone-strikes-in-2012-2/">declined steeply</a> over the past year, along with <a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/2013/may/23/obama-drone-speech-use-justified">reported civilian casualties</a>.</p>
<p><strong>‘Boots on the ground’</strong></p>
<p>Insisting that his administration had ‘a strong preference for the detention and prosecution of terrorists’, Obama said there were occasions when only lethal drone strikes would suffice.</p>
<p>At times ‘putting US boots on the ground may trigger a major international crisis’ and inflame local civilian populations, he said. Suspects may also ‘hide in caves and walled compounds’ in areas where there was little or no governance.</p>
<p>But he acknowledged that the use of drones was not without constitutional risk: ‘The very precision of drones strikes, and the necessary secrecy involved in such actions can end up shielding our government from the public scrutiny that a troop deployment invites. It can also lead a President and his team to view drone strikes as a cure-all for terrorism.’</p>
<blockquote><p><em><strong>“Before any strike is taken, there must be near-certainty that no civilians will be killed or injured – the highest standard we can set.”</strong></em><br>
<strong> –President Obama</strong>
</p></blockquote>
<p>President Obama announced that he would work with Congress towards greater oversight of the targeted killing campaign. And he said he would be seeking to ‘refine, and ultimately repeal’ the Authorization to Use Military Force (AUMF) passed by Congress in 2001, which the US asserts is the legal bedrock for its covert drone campaign.</p>
<p><strong>Unlocking Guantanamo</strong></p><strong>
</strong><p><strong></strong>The president also used the speech to challenge Congress to aid him in closing the detention facilities at Guantanamo Bay, calling on members to end the ban on detainee transfers to prisons on the US mainland. ‘I know the politics are hard. But history will cast a harsh judgment on this aspect of our fight against terrorism, and those of us who fail to end it,’ he said, adding that nobody had ever escaped a US supermax jail.</p>
<p>Obama announced the end of a moratorium on transferring detainees to Yemen: instead, transfers will be examined on a case-by-case basis. At least 84 current Guantanamo inmates are Yemeni.</p>
<p>The speech was repeatedly interrupted at one point by Code Pink protester Medea Benjamin. Obama was forced to pause and wait three times for Benjamin to finish comments including references to the death of Anwar al-Awlaki’s 16-year-old son in a drone strike in Yemen. As Benjamin was escorted out, he recovered his poise – joking that he was being forced to depart from his script, but saying she raised ‘tough issues’.</p>
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<p><strong>Obama administration admits killing four US citizens </strong></p>
<p>In a related move, US attorney general Eric Holder <a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://s3.documentcloud.org/documents/703181/ag-letter-5-22-13.pdf">released a letter</a> on Wednesday evening admitting that four US citizens had been killed in US drone strikes since 2009. The Bureau’s own data suggests that  seven or more US citizens have been killed in US drone strikes since 2002.</p>
<p>One of those named by the attorney general – Jude Kenan Mohammed – was until now only <a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://www.wral.com/news/local/wral_investigates/story/10733078/">rumoured to have been killed</a>. The New York Times reports that <a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://www.nytimes.com/2013/05/23/us/one-drone-victims-trail-from-raleigh-to-pakistan.html?_r=0">Mohammed died in a CIA attack</a> in South Waziristan, Pakistan on November 16 2011.</p>
<p><a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://www.thebureauinvestigates.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/05/Holder-DoJ-Lonnie-Tague.jpg"><img class="yiv1281339221alignright  yiv1281339221wp-image-56153" alt="Holder (DoJ Lonnie Tague)" src="http://www.thebureauinvestigates.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/05/Holder-DoJ-Lonnie-Tague.jpg" height="384" width="288"></a>According to an <a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://www.investigativeproject.org/documents/case_docs/1075.pdf">open US indictment</a> dated September 2009, Mohammed ‘departed the United States to travel to Pakistan to engage in violent jihad’. He was also accused of engaging in ‘planning and perpetrating a Federal crime of terrorism against the United States, citizens and residents of the United States, and their property.’</p>
<p>The other three US citizens named by Holder were radical cleric Anwar al-Awlaki and his 16 year old son Abdalrahman al-Awalaki; and Samir Khan, a propagandist for Al Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula – all killed in Yemen in autumn 2011. According to the attorney general, only Anwar al Awlaki was ‘specifically targeted by the United States’.</p>
<p>In his speech, Obama insisted that it was right to target and kill Anwar al-Awlaki, stating that the citizenship of such an alleged threat ‘should no more serve as a shield than a sniper shooting down on an innocent crowd should be protected from a Swat team.’</p>
<p>At least three additional US citizens have been killed in US drone attacks. In the first ever drone strike outside a battlefield, US citizen Kamal Darwish was among six men killed by the CIA in Yemen in 2002. The Bush administration insisted at the time that the intended targets were alleged al Qaeda suspects accompanying Darwish in the vehicle.</p>
<p>And veteran Washington reporter Bob Woodward has revealed that on November 7 2008, ‘many Westerners, including some US passport holders’ died in an attack near Miranshah in North Waziristan.</p>
<p>As Woodward noted in his book Obama’s Wars, in a subsequent meeting with Pakistan’s President Zardari ‘The CIA would not reveal the particulars due to the implications under American law. A top secret CIA map detailing the attacks had been given to the Pakistanis. Missing from it was the alarming fact about the American deaths … The CIA was not going to elaborate.’</p>
<p>Addressing the fact that three of the four US citizens named by Holder were not the intended targets, New York University law professor Sarah Knuckey told the Bureau: ‘Does it mean that the three were killed as intentional but lawful collateral damage in a strike on some other legitimate target? Or that they were accidental collateral? Or does it mean that they were killed in signature strikes?  We just don’t know what it is intended to mean. In a letter that touts throughout the government’s commitment to transparency and “unprecedented disclosure”, the government has introduced new vague language, and thus new concerns about its targeting policies and practices.’</p>

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<p>Mirrored from <a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://www.thebureauinvestigates.com/2013/05/23/obama-frames-covert-drone-war-as-necessary-evil/ "> The Bureau of Investigative Journalism</a></p>
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<a rel="nofollow" name="6" style="font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;font-size:18px;" target="_blank" href="http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/juancole/ymbn/~3/1Ee2-BdsyoE/contract-whack-engelhardt.html?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=email">Big Oil’s Hit Men have a Contract to Whack the Earth (Engelhardt)</a>
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<span>Posted:</span> 23 May 2013 09:49 PM PDT</p>
<div style="margin:0;font-family:Georgia, Helvetica, Arial, Sans-Serif;line-height:140%;font-size:13px;color:#000000;"><p><i> Tom Engelhardt writes at Tomdispatch.com</i>: </p>
<p>We have a word for the conscious slaughter of a racial or ethnic group: genocide.  And one for the conscious destruction of aspects of the environment: ecocide.  But we don’t have a word for the conscious act of destroying the planet we live on, the world as humanity had known it until, historically speaking, late last night.  A possibility might be “terracide” from the Latin word for earth.  It has the right ring, given its similarity to the commonplace danger word of our era: terrorist.</p>
<p>The truth is, whatever we call them, it’s time to talk bluntly about the terrarists of our world.  Yes, I know, 9/11 was horrific.  Almost 3,000 dead, massive towers down, <a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://www.tomdispatch.com/post/118775/engelhardt_9/11_in_a_movie-made_world">apocalyptic scenes</a>.  And yes, when it comes to terror attacks, the Boston Marathon bombings weren’t pretty either.  But in both cases, those who committed the acts paid for or will pay for their crimes.</p>
<p>In the case of the terrarists — and here I’m referring in particular to the <a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://articles.washingtonpost.com/2012-03-06/business/35450163_1_oil-spill-bob-dudley-tony-hayward">men</a> who run what may be the <a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2008/07/31/oil-profits-shatter-recor_n_116022.html">most profitable</a> <a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://usatoday30.usatoday.com/money/companies/earnings/2008-08-01-big-oil-company-earnings_N.htm">corporations</a> on the <a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://money.cnn.com/magazines/fortune/fortune500/2012/full_list/">planet</a>, giant energy companies like <a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://money.cnn.com/2012/07/26/news/companies/exxon-profit/index.htm">ExxonMobil</a>, <a rel="nofollow" target="_blank"
 href="http://www.sfgate.com/business/article/Chevron-posts-record-high-profit-2752969.php">Chevron</a>, <a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://thinkprogress.org/climate/2012/01/25/411601/conocophillips-q4-profits/">ConocoPhillips</a>, <a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://www.time.com/time/business/article/0,8599,1735821,00.html">BP</a>, and <a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052748704330404576291350999515650.html">Shell</a> – you’re the one who’s going to pay, especially your children and grandchildren. You can take one thing for granted: not a single terrarist will ever go to jail, and yet they certainly knew what they were doing.</p>
<p>It wasn’t that complicated. In recent years, the companies they run have been extracting fossil fuels from the Earth in ever more frenetic and ingenious ways. The burning of those fossil fuels, in turn, has put <a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/imageo/2013/03/06/carbon-dioxide-rise-in-2012-second-highest-in-modern-record/#.UZeffYIVmHk">record amounts</a> of carbon dioxide (CO2) into the atmosphere. Only this month, the CO2 level reached <a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://articles.washingtonpost.com/2013-05-10/national/39164136_1_carbon-dioxide-pieter-tans-charles-david-keeling">400 parts per million</a> for the first time in human history. A <a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://planetark.org/enviro-news/item/68671">consensus</a> of scientists has long concluded that the process was warming the world and that, if the average planetary temperature rose <a
 rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://news.discovery.com/earth/global-warming/world-bank-warns-4-degree-warming-121119.htm">more than two degrees Celsius</a>, all sorts of dangers could ensue, including seas rising high enough to inundate coastal cities, increasingly intense<strong> </strong><a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/environment/2013/may/19/heatwave-deaths-new-york-city-rise">heat waves</a>, droughts, floods, ever more extreme storm systems, and so on.</p>
<p><strong>How to Make Staggering Amounts of Money and Do In the Planet</strong></p>
<p>None of this was exactly a mystery. It’s in the scientific literature. NASA scientist James Hansen <a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/wonkblog/wp/2013/04/02/nasas-most-famous-climate-scientist-is-retiring-heres-a-look-back-at-his-work/">first publicized</a> the reality of global warming to Congress in <a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://image.guardian.co.uk/sys-files/Environment/documents/2008/06/23/ClimateChangeHearing1988.pdf">1988</a>. It took a while — thanks in part to the terrarists — but the news of what was happening increasingly made it into the mainstream. Anybody could learn about it.</p>
<p>Those who run the giant energy corporations knew perfectly well what was going on and could, of course, have read about it in the papers like the rest of us. And what did they do? They put their money into <a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://www.exxonsecrets.org/maps.php">funding</a> <a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/environment/2013/feb/14/funding-climate-change-denial-thinktanks-network">think tanks</a>, politicians, foundations, and activists intent on <a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://www.time.com/time/health/article/0,8599,2096055,00.html">emphasizing “doubts”</a> about <a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://www.amazon.com/dp/1608193942/ref=nosim/?tag=tomdispatch-20">the science</a> (since it couldn’t actually be refuted); they and their allies <a rel="nofollow" target="_blank"
 href="http://www.dailykos.com/story/2013/01/26/1182365/-Dollars-for-Deniers-Big-Oil-Funds-Climate-Science-Denialism">energetically promoted</a> what came to be known as climate denialism. Then they sent their agents and <a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://www.opensecrets.org/industries/lobbying.php?cycle=2012&ind=E">lobbyists</a> and <a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://www.opensecrets.org/industries/indus.php?Ind=E">money</a> into the <a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://thinkprogress.org/climate/2012/10/26/1094541/chevron-election-republicans/">political system</a> to <a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://thinkprogress.org/climate/2013/04/26/1926091/chevron-earned-62-billion-in-q1-will-use-profits-to-undercut-climate-action/">ensure</a> that their plundering ways would not be interfered with. And in the meantime, they redoubled their
 efforts<strong> </strong>to get ever tougher and sometimes “dirtier” energy out of the ground in ever tougher and dirtier ways.</p>
<p><span id="yiv1281339221more-34196"></span></p>
<p>The peak oil people hadn’t been wrong when they suggested years ago that we would soon hit a limit in oil production from which decline would follow.  The problem was that they were focused on traditional or “conventional” liquid oil reserves obtained from large reservoirs in easy-to-reach locations on land or near to shore.  Since then, the big energy companies have invested a remarkable amount of time, money, and (if I can use that word) energy in the development of techniques that would allow them to recover previously unrecoverable reserves (sometimes by processes that themselves burn striking amounts of fossil fuels): <a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://www.tomdispatch.com/blog/175695/ellen_cantarow_big_energy_means_big_pollution">fracking</a>, <a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://www.tomdispatch.com/blog/175264/michael_klare_energy_nightmares_to_come">deep-water drilling</a>, and <a rel="nofollow"
 target="_blank" href="http://www.tomdispatch.com/blog/175648/michael_klare_keystoneXL">tar-sands production</a>, among others.</p>
<p>They also began to go after huge deposits of what energy expert Michael Klare calls “<a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://www.tomdispatch.com/post/175249/michael_klare_relentless_pursuit_of_extreme_energy">extreme</a>” or “tough” energy — oil and natural gas that can only be acquired through the application of extreme force or that requires extensive chemical treatment to be usable as a fuel.  In many cases, moreover, the supplies being acquired like heavy oil and  tar sands are more carbon-rich than other fuels and emit  more greenhouse gases when consumed.  These companies have even begun <a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://thinkprogress.org/climate/2011/09/10/316176/exxon-climate-change-deniers/">using climate change itself</a> — in the form of a <a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://www.economist.com/node/21556798">melting Arctic</a> — to exploit enormous and previously unreachable <a
 rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://www.canada.com/topics/news/national/story.html?id=6d05bd93-3b65-42f5-818e-7190d513a8e2">energy supplies</a><a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://www.economist.com/node/21556798"></a>.  With the <a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/environment/earth-insight/2013/may/17/obama-arctic-energy-security-climate">imprimatur</a> of the Obama administration, <a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://www.tomdispatch.com/post/175577/">Royal Dutch Shell</a>, for example, has been preparing to test out possible <a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://www.mcclatchydc.com/2013/03/27/187123/justice-department-is-investigating.html#.UZgEZIIVmHk">drilling techniques</a> in the <a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://www.commondreams.org/view/2013/05/18">treacherous waters</a> off Alaska. </p>
<p>Call it irony, if you will, or call it a nightmare, but Big Oil evidently has no qualms about making its next set of profits directly off melting the planet.  Its top executives continue to plan their futures (and so ours), knowing that their extremely profitable acts are destroying the very habitat, the very temperature range that for so long made life comfortable for humanity.</p>
<p>Their prior knowledge of the damage they are doing is what should make this a criminal activity.  And there are corporate precedents for this, even if on a smaller scale.  The <a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://www.tomdispatch.com/blog/175693/rosner_markowitz_you_are_a_guinea_pig">lead industry</a>, the <a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://billmoyers.com/segment/david-rosner-and-gerald-markowitz-on-toxic-disinformation/">asbestos industry</a>, and the <a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://med.stanford.edu/biostatistics/abstract/RobertProctor_paper1.pdf">tobacco companies</a> all knew the dangers of their products, made efforts to suppress the information or instill doubt about it even as they promoted <a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://www.nytimes.com/2008/10/07/business/media/07adco.html">the glories</a> of what they made, and went right on producing and selling while others suffered and died.</p>
<p><a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://www.amazon.com/dp/1608461548/ref=nosim/?tag=tomdispatch-20"><img src="http://www.tomdispatch.com/images/managed/fear2.gif" alt="" align="left" hspace="6" vspace="6"></a>And here’s another similarity: with all three industries, the negative results conveniently arrived years, sometimes decades, after exposure and so were hard to connect to it.  Each of these industries knew that the relationship existed.  Each used that time-disconnect as protection.  One difference: if you were a tobacco, lead, or asbestos exec, you might be able to ensure that your children and grandchildren weren’t exposed to your product.  In the long run, that’s not a choice when it comes to fossil fuels and CO2, as we all live on the same planet (though it’s also true that the well-off in the temperate zones are unlikely to be the first to suffer).</p>
<p>If Osama bin Laden’s 9/11 plane hijackings or the Tsarnaev brothers’ homemade bombs constitute terror attacks, why shouldn’t what the energy companies are doing fall into a similar category (even if on a scale that leaves those events in the dust)?  And if so, then where is the national security state when we really need it? Shouldn’t its job be to safeguard us from terrarists and terracide as well as terrorists and their destructive plots?</p>
<p><strong>The Alternatives That Weren’t</strong></p>
<p>It didn’t have to be this way.</p>
<p>On July 15, 1979, at a time when gas lines, sometimes blocks long, were a disturbing fixture of American life, President Jimmy Carter <a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/primary-resources/carter-crisis/">spoke directly</a> to the American people on television for 32 minutes, calling for a concerted effort to end the country’s oil dependence on the Middle East.  “To give us energy security,” he announced,</p>
<blockquote>
<p>“I am asking for the most massive peacetime commitment of funds and resources in our nation’s history to develop America’s own alternative sources of fuel — from coal, from oil shale, from plant products for gasohol, from unconventional gas, from the sun… Just as a similar synthetic rubber corporation helped us win World War II, so will we mobilize American determination and ability to win the energy war.  Moreover, I will soon submit legislation to Congress calling for the creation of this nation’s first solar bank, which will help us achieve the crucial goal of 20% of our energy coming from solar power by the year 2000.”</p>
</blockquote>
<p>It’s true that, at a time when the science of climate change was in its infancy, Carter wouldn’t have known about the possibility of an overheating world, and his vision of “alternative energy” wasn’t exactly a fossil-fuel-free one.  Even then, shades of today or possibly tomorrow, he was talking about having “more oil in our shale alone than several Saudi Arabias.”  Still, it was a remarkably forward-looking speech. </p>
<p>Had we invested massively in alternative energy R&D back then, who knows where we might be today?  Instead, the media dubbed it the “malaise speech,” though the president never actually used that word, speaking instead of an American “crisis of confidence.”  While the initial public reaction <a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=106508243">seemed positive</a>, it didn’t last long.  In the end, the president’s energy proposals were essentially laughed out of the room and ignored for decades.</p>
<p>As a symbolic gesture, Carter had 32 solar panels <a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://usgovinfo.about.com/od/thepresidentandcabinet/tp/History-of-White-House-Solar-Panels.htm">installed</a> on the White House.  (“A generation from now, this solar heater can either be a curiosity, a museum piece, an example of a road not taken, or it can be a small part of one of the greatest and most exciting adventures ever undertaken by the American people: harnessing the power of the sun to enrich our lives as we move away from our crippling dependence on foreign oil.”)  As it turned out, “a road not taken” was the accurate description.  On entering the Oval Office in 1981, Ronald Reagan caught the mood of the era perfectly.  One of his first acts was to order the removal of those panels and none were reinstalled for three decades, until Barack Obama was president.</p>
<p>Carter would, in fact, make his mark on U.S. energy policy, just not quite in the way he had imagined.  Six months later, on January 23, 1980, in his last <a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://www.jimmycarterlibrary.gov/documents/speeches/su80jec.phtml">State of the Union Address</a>, he would proclaim what came to be known as the Carter Doctrine: “Let our position be absolutely clear,” he said. “An attempt by any outside force to gain control of the Persian Gulf region will be regarded as an assault on the vital interests of the United States of America, and such an assault will be repelled by any means necessary, including military force.”</p>
<p>No one would laugh him out of the room for that.  Instead, the Pentagon would fatefully begin organizing itself to protect U.S. (and oil) interests in the Persian Gulf on a new scale and America’s oil wars would follow soon enough.  Not long after that address, it would start building up a Rapid Deployment Force in the Gulf that would in the end become U.S. Central Command.  More than three decades later, ironies abound: thanks in part to those oil wars, whole swaths of the energy-rich Middle East are in crisis, if not chaos, while the big energy companies have put time and money into a staggeringly fossil-fuel version of Carter’s “alternative” North America.  They’ve focused on shale oil, and on shale gas as well, and with new production methods, they are reputedly on the brink of <a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://www.tomdispatch.com/blog/175523/michael_klare_welcome_to_the_new_third_world">turning the
 United States</a> into a “<a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://www.usnews.com/news/articles/2012/11/12/is-the-united-states-the-next-saudi-arabia">new Saudi Arabia</a>.”</p>
<p>If true, this would be the worst, not the best, of news.  In a world where what used to pass for good news increasingly <a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://www.tomdispatch.com/post/175696/tomgram%3A_engelhardt,_the_last_empire/">guarantees</a> a nightmarish future, energy “independence” of this sort means the extraction of ever more extreme energy, ever more carbon dioxide heading skyward, and ever more planetary damage in our collective future.  This was not the only path available to us, or even to Big Oil.</p>
<p>With their staggering profits, they could have decided anywhere along the line that the future they were ensuring was beyond dangerous.  They could themselves have led the way with massive investments in genuine alternative energies (solar, wind, tidal, geothermal, algal, and who knows what else), instead of the exceedingly small-scale ones they made, often for publicity purposes.  They could have backed a widespread effort to search for other ways that might, in the decades to come, have offered something close to the energy levels fossil fuels now give us.  They could have worked to keep the extreme-energy reserves that turn out to be surprisingly commonplace deep in the Earth.</p>
<p>And we might have had a different world (from which, by the way, they would undoubtedly have profited handsomely).  Instead, what we’ve got is the equivalent of a tobacco company situation, but on a planetary scale.  To complete the analogy, imagine for a moment that they were planning to produce even more prodigious quantities not of fossil fuels but of cigarettes, knowing what damage they would do to our health.  Then imagine that, without exception, everyone on Earth was forced to smoke several packs of them a day.</p>
<p>If that isn’t a terrorist — or terrarist — attack of an almost unimaginable sort, what is?  If the oil execs aren’t terrarists, then who is?  And if that doesn’t make the big energy companies criminal enterprises, then how would you define that term?</p>
<p>To destroy our planet with malice aforethought, with only the most immediate profits on the brain, with only your own comfort and wellbeing (and those of your shareholders) in mind: Isn’t that the ultimate crime? Isn’t that terracide?</p>
<p><em>Tom Engelhardt, co-founder of the </em><a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://www.americanempireproject.com/"><em>American Empire Project</em></a><em> and author of </em><a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://www.amazon.com/dp/1608461548/ref=nosim/?tag=tomdispatch-20">The United States of Fear</a><em> as well as a history of the Cold War, </em><a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://www.amazon.com/dp/155849586X/ref=nosim/?tag=tomdispatch-20">The End of Victory Culture</a><em>, runs the Nation Institute’s </em><a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://www.tomdispatch.com/"><em>TomDispatch.com</em></a><em>. His latest book, co-authored with Nick Turse, is </em><a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B0086EF89K/ref=as_li_ss_tl?ie=UTF8&tag=tomdispatch-20&linkCode=as2&camp=1789&creative=390957&creativeASIN=B0086EF89K">Terminator Planet: The First History of Drone
 Warfare, 2001-2050</a>.</p>
<p>[<strong>Note:</strong> Thanks go to my colleague and friend Nick Turse for coming up with the word "terracide."]</p>
<p>—-</p>
<p>Mirrored from <a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://www.tomdispatch.com/post/175703/tomgram%3A_engelhardt%2C_the_biggest_criminal_enterprise_in_history/ "> Tomdispatch.com</a></p>
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<a rel="nofollow" name="7" style="font-family:Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;font-size:18px;" target="_blank" href="http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/juancole/ymbn/~3/iBeyc3rSSjE/disaster-america-everyone.html?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=email">Sen. Inhofe: “When a Disaster Occurs in America… Everyone … wants to pour Money on’em”</a>
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<p style="font-size:13px;color:#555;margin:9px 0 3px 0;font-family:Georgia, Helvetica, Arial, Sans-Serif;line-height:140%;font-size:13px;">
<span>Posted:</span> 23 May 2013 04:07 PM PDT</p>
<div style="margin:0;font-family:Georgia, Helvetica, Arial, Sans-Serif;line-height:140%;font-size:13px;color:#000000;"><p>From last fall:  <a rel="nofollow" target="_blank" href="http://youtu.be/fqLAlb_lN0o "> Sen. Jim Inhofe of Oklahoma argues against relief aid for Hurricane Sandy</a>, in part because working on it in the Senate would delay the beginning of his Christmas vacation.  He admits that in Oklahoma “we do get some Federal help.”</p>
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