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Seems that Obot's bosses held his feet to the fire.<br>
<br>
<br>
On 08/12/13 8:11, Jenifer Cartwright wrote:
<blockquote
cite="mid:1376266305.32114.YahooMailNeo@web121505.mail.ne1.yahoo.com"
type="cite">
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<div><span>We have our own Morsi re campaign promises vs
post-election decisions...<br>
</span></div>
<div><br>
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<div class="y_msg_container"> ----- Forwarded Message -----<br>
<font face="Arial" size="2"> <b><span style="font-weight: bold;">From:</span></b>
Informed Comment <a class="moz-txt-link-rfc2396E" href="mailto:jricole@gmail.com"><jricole@gmail.com></a><br>
<b><span style="font-weight: bold;">To:</span></b>
<a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:jencart13@yahoo.com">jencart13@yahoo.com</a> <br>
<b><span style="font-weight: bold;">Sent:</span></b> Sunday, August
11, 2013 3:14 PM<br>
<b><span style="font-weight: bold;"></span></b></font><br>
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<h1 style="margin: 0pt; padding-bottom: 6px;"> <font size="2">from</font><font
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title="(http://www.juancole.com)">Informed Comment</a>
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<li><a moz-do-not-send="true" rel="nofollow"
href="http://us-mg5.mail.yahoo.com/neo/#3">Before he Was President,
Obama Championed Extensive Surveillance Reforms (Brandeisky)</a></li>
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<div style="margin: 1em 0pt 3px;"><a moz-do-not-send="true"
rel="nofollow" name="3"
style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 18px;"
target="_blank"
href="http://feedproxy.google.com/%7Er/juancole/ymbn/%7E3/OaNLiTKJpZI/championed-surveillance-brandeisky.html?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=email">Before
he Was President, Obama Championed Extensive Surveillance Reforms
(Brandeisky)</a>
</div>
<div
style="margin: 9px 0pt 3px; color: rgb(85, 85, 85); font-family: Georgia,Helvetica,Arial,Sans-Serif; line-height: 140%; font-size: 13px;">
<span>Posted:</span> 10 Aug 2013 10:58 PM PDT</div>
<div
style="margin: 0pt; font-family: Georgia,Helvetica,Arial,Sans-Serif; line-height: 140%; font-size: 13px; color: rgb(0, 0, 0);">
<div> <i> Kara Brandeisky writes at ProPublica </i> </div>
<div>When the House of Representatives recently considered an
amendment that would have dismantled the NSA’s bulk phone records
collection program, the White House <a moz-do-not-send="true"
rel="nofollow" target="_blank"
href="http://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/2013/07/23/statement-press-secretary-amash-amendment">swiftly
condemned the measure</a>. But only five years ago, Sen. Barack Obama,
D-Ill. was part of a group of legislators that supported substantial
changes to NSA surveillance programs. Here are some of the proposals
the president co-sponsored as a senator. </div>
<div><img moz-do-not-send="true"
src="http://gdb.voanews.com/E060EBCA-2590-489B-B209-0D5FD82C73B4_w640_r1_s.jpg"
height="290 " width="570"></div>
<div><b>As a senator, Obama wanted to limit bulk records
collection.</b></div>
<div>Obama <a moz-do-not-send="true" rel="nofollow"
target="_blank"
href="https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/745422-obama-co-sponsor-s-2088.html#document/p2/a112741">co-sponsored</a>
a 2007 bill, introduced by Sen. Russ Feingold, D-Wis., that would have
required the government to demonstrate, with “<a moz-do-not-send="true"
rel="nofollow" target="_blank"
href="https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/745218-s-2088-2007.html#document/p34/a112667">specific
and articulable facts</a>,” that it wanted records related to “<a
moz-do-not-send="true" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"
href="https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/745218-s-2088-2007.html#document/p34/a112668">a
suspected agent of a foreign power</a>” or the records of people with
one degree of separation from a suspect. The bill <a
moz-do-not-send="true" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"
href="http://www.govtrack.us/congress/bills/110/s2088">died in
committee</a>. Following pressure from the Bush administration,
lawmakers had <a moz-do-not-send="true" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"
href="http://arstechnica.com/tech-policy/2013/08/the-sneaky-switch-that-set-the-stage-for-the-nsas-call-records-program/">abandoned
a similar 2005 measure</a>, which Obama also supported.</div>
<div>We now know the Obama administration has sought, and
obtained, the phone records belonging to <a moz-do-not-send="true"
rel="nofollow" target="_blank"
href="http://www.theguardian.com/world/interactive/2013/jun/06/verizon-telephone-data-court-order">all
Verizon Business Network Services subscribers</a> (and reportedly, <a
moz-do-not-send="true" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"
href="http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424127887324299104578529112289298922.html">Sprint
and AT&T subscribers</a>, as well). Once the NSA has the database,
analysts search through the phone records and look at people with <a
moz-do-not-send="true" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"
href="http://www.theatlanticwire.com/politics/2013/07/nsa-admits-it-analyzes-more-peoples-data-previously-revealed/67287/">two
or three degrees of separation</a> from suspected terrorists.</div>
<div>The measure Obama supported in 2007 is actually similar to
the <a moz-do-not-send="true" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"
href="http://amendments-rules.house.gov/amendments/AMASH_018_xml2718131717181718.pdf">House
amendment</a> that the White House condemned earlier this month. That
measure, introduced by Reps. Justin Amash, R-Mich., and John Conyers,
D-Mich., would have ended bulk phone records collection but still <a
moz-do-not-send="true" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"
href="http://amash.house.gov/speech/amash-nsa-amendment-fact-sheet">allowed
the NSA to collect records related to individual suspects</a> without a
warrant based on probable cause. </div>
<div>The 2007 measure is also similar to current proposals
introduced by <a moz-do-not-send="true" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"
href="http://thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/z?c113:H.R.2399:">Conyers</a>
and <a moz-do-not-send="true" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"
href="http://thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/z?c113:S.1168:">Sen. Bernie
Sanders, I-Vt</a>.</div>
<div><b>As a senator, Obama wanted to require government
analysts to get court approval before accessing incidentally collected
American data.</b></div>
<div>In Feb. 2008, Obama <a moz-do-not-send="true"
rel="nofollow" target="_blank"
href="https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/745221-senate-amendment-3979-to-fisa-amendments-act.html#document/p1/a112644">co-sponsored</a>
an amendment, also introduced by Feingold, which would have further
limited the ability of the government to collect any <a
moz-do-not-send="true" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"
href="https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/745221-senate-amendment-3979-to-fisa-amendments-act.html#document/p1/a112641">communications
to or from people residing in the U.S. </a> </div>
<div>The measure would have also required government analysts
to <a moz-do-not-send="true" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"
href="https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/745221-senate-amendment-3979-to-fisa-amendments-act.html#document/p2/a112642">segregate
all incidentally collected American communications</a>. If analysts
wanted to access those communications, they would have needed to <a
moz-do-not-send="true" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"
href="https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/745221-senate-amendment-3979-to-fisa-amendments-act.html#document/p2/a112643">apply
for individualized surveillance court approval</a>.</div>
<div>The amendment <a moz-do-not-send="true" rel="nofollow"
target="_blank"
href="http://thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/bdquery/z?d110:SP3979:">failed
35-63</a>. Obama later <a moz-do-not-send="true" rel="nofollow"
target="_blank"
href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2008/06/20/obama-backs-bill-giving-i_n_108370.html">reversed
his position</a> and supported what became the law now known to
authorize the PRISM program. That legislation — the FISA Amendments Act
of 2008 — also <a moz-do-not-send="true" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"
href="http://www.nytimes.com/2008/07/02/us/politics/02fisa.html?_r=2&">granted
immunity to telecoms</a> that had cooperated with the government on
surveillance.</div>
<div>The law ensured the government would <a
moz-do-not-send="true" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"
href="http://www.fas.org/sgp/crs/intel/R42725.pdf">not need a court
order</a> to collect data from foreigners residing outside the United
States. According to the Washington Post, analysts are told that they
can compel companies to turn over communications if they are <a
moz-do-not-send="true" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"
href="http://www.washingtonpost.com/investigations/us-intelligence-mining-data-from-nine-us-internet-companies-in-broad-secret-program/2013/06/06/3a0c0da8-cebf-11e2-8845-d970ccb04497_story_2.html">51
percent certain</a> the data belongs to foreigners.</div>
<div>Powerpoint presentation slides published by the Guardian
indicate that when analysts use XKeyscore — the <a
moz-do-not-send="true" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"
href="http://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/jul/31/nsa-top-secret-program-online-data">software
the NSA uses to sift through huge amounts of raw internet data</a> —
they must first justify why they have reason to believe communications
are foreign. Analysts can select from rationales available in dropdown
menus and then read the communications without court or supervisor
approval.</div>
<div>Finally, analysts do not need court approval to look at
previously-collected bulk metadata either, even domestic metadata.
Instead, the NSA limits access to incidentally collected American data
according to its own “minimization” procedures. A leaked 2009 document
said that analysts only needed permission from their “<a
moz-do-not-send="true" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"
href="https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/719018-ig-report-2009.html#document/p16/a107520">shift
coordinators</a>” to access previously-collected phone records. Rep.
Stephen Lynch, D-Mass., has introduced a bill that would require
analysts to get special court approval to <a moz-do-not-send="true"
rel="nofollow" target="_blank"
href="http://thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/z?c113:H.R.2684:">search
through telephone metadata</a>.</div>
<div><span id="yiv1972495981more-36674"></span></div>
<div><b>As a senator, Obama wanted the executive branch to
report to Congress how many American communications had been swept up
during surveillance.</b></div>
<div>Feingold’s 2008 amendment, which Obama supported, would
have also required the Defense Department and Justice Department to
complete a joint audit of <a moz-do-not-send="true" rel="nofollow"
target="_blank"
href="https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/745221-senate-amendment-3979-to-fisa-amendments-act.html#document/p2/a112649">all
incidentally collected American communications</a> and provide the
report to congressional intelligence committees. The amendment <a
moz-do-not-send="true" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"
href="http://thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/bdquery/z?d110:SP3979:">failed
35-63</a>.</div>
<div>The Inspector General of the Intelligence Community told
Senators Ron Wyden, D-Ore., and Mark Udall, D-Co. last year that it
would be <a moz-do-not-send="true" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"
href="http://www.wired.com/images_blogs/dangerroom/2012/06/IC-IG-Letter.pdf">unfeasible
to estimate</a> how many American communications have been incidentally
collected, and doing so would violate Americans’ privacy rights.</div>
<div><b>As a senator, Obama wanted to restrict the use of gag
orders related to surveillance court orders.</b></div>
<div>Obama co-sponsored at least two measures that would have
made it harder for the government to issue nondisclosure orders to
businesses when compelling them to turn over customer data.</div>
<div>One 2007 bill would have <a moz-do-not-send="true"
rel="nofollow" target="_blank"
href="https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/745218-s-2088-2007.html#document/p35/a112669">required
the government to demonstrate that disclosure could cause one of six
specific harms</a>: by either endangering someone, causing someone to
avoid prosecution, encouraging the destruction of evidence,
intimidating potential witnesses, interfering with diplomatic
relations, or threatening national security. It would have also
required the government to show that the gag order was “narrowly
tailored” to address those specific dangers. Obama also supported a <a
moz-do-not-send="true" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"
href="https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/745290-s-737-2005.html#document/p9/a112672">similar
measure</a> in 2005. Neither measure made it out of committee.</div>
<div>The Obama administration has thus far prevented companies
from disclosing information about surveillance requests. Verizon’s
surveillance court order included a <a moz-do-not-send="true"
rel="nofollow" target="_blank"
href="http://www.theguardian.com/world/interactive/2013/jun/06/verizon-telephone-data-court-order">gag
order</a>. </div>
<div>Meanwhile, <a moz-do-not-send="true" rel="nofollow"
target="_blank"
href="http://www.uscourts.gov/uscourts/courts/fisc/misc-13-04-motion.pdf">Microsoft</a>
and <a moz-do-not-send="true" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"
href="http://www.uscourts.gov/uscourts/courts/fisc/misc-13-03-motion.pdf">Google</a>
have filed motions with the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court
seeking permission to release aggregate data about directives they’ve
received. Microsoft has said the <a moz-do-not-send="true"
rel="nofollow" target="_blank"
href="http://www.microsoft.com/en-us/news/download/legal/2013/07-16MSLetterToTheAG.pdf">Justice
Department and the FBI had previously denied its requests</a> to
release more information. The Justice Department has asked for <a
moz-do-not-send="true" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"
href="http://www.uscourts.gov/uscourts/courts/fisc/misc-13-03-motion-130729.pdf">more</a>
<a moz-do-not-send="true" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"
href="http://www.uscourts.gov/uscourts/courts/fisc/misc-13-04-motion-130729.pdf">time</a>
to consider lifting the gag orders.</div>
<div><b>As a senator, Obama wanted to give the accused a chance
to challenge government surveillance.</b></div>
<div>Obama <a moz-do-not-send="true" rel="nofollow"
target="_blank"
href="https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/745422-obama-co-sponsor-s-2088.html#document/p2/a112741">co-sponsored</a>
a 2007 measure that would have required the government to <a
moz-do-not-send="true" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"
href="https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/745218-s-2088-2007.html#document/p40/a112670">tell
defendants before it used any evidence</a> collected under the
controversial section of the Patriot Act. (That section, <a
moz-do-not-send="true" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"
href="http://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/50/1861">known as 215</a>,
has served as the basis for the bulk phone records collection program.)
Obama also supported an <a moz-do-not-send="true" rel="nofollow"
target="_blank"
href="https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/745290-s-737-2005.html#document/p15/a112671">identical
measure</a> in 2005. </div>
<div>Both bills would have ensured that defendants had a <a
moz-do-not-send="true" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"
href="https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/745290-s-737-2005.html#document/p16/a112674">chance
to challenge the legality</a><a moz-do-not-send="true" rel="nofollow"
target="_blank"
href="https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/745218-s-2088-2007.html#document/p41/a112675">of
Patriot Act surveillance</a>. The Supreme Court has since held that <a
moz-do-not-send="true" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"
href="http://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/12pdf/11-1025_ihdj.pdf">plaintiffs
who cannot prove they have been monitored</a> cannot challenge NSA
surveillance programs. </div>
<div>Those particular bills did not make it out of committee.
But <a moz-do-not-send="true" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"
href="http://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/50/1806">another section
of the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act</a> requires that the
government tell defendants before it uses evidence collected under that
law. </div>
<div>Until recently, federal prosecutors would <a
moz-do-not-send="true" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"
href="http://www.nytimes.com/2013/07/16/us/double-secret-surveillance.html?pagewanted=all">not
tell defendants</a> what kind of surveillance had been used.</div>
<div>The New York Times reported that in two separate bomb plot
prosecutions, the government resisted efforts to reveal whether its
surveillance relied on a traditional FISA order, or the 2008 law now
known to authorize PRISM. As a result, defense attorneys had been
unable to contest the legality of the surveillance. Sen. Dianne
Feinstein, D-Calif., later said that in both cases, the government had <a
moz-do-not-send="true" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"
href="http://www.nytimes.com/2013/07/16/us/double-secret-surveillance.html?pagewanted=all">relied
on the 2008 law</a>, though prosecutors now <a moz-do-not-send="true"
rel="nofollow" target="_blank"
href="http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424127887323854904578638363001746552.html">dispute
that account</a>. </div>
<div>On July 30, the Justice Department <a
moz-do-not-send="true" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"
href="http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424127887323854904578638363001746552.html">reversed
its position in one bomb plot prosecution</a>. The government disclosed
that it had not gathered any evidence under the 2008 law now known to
authorize sweeping surveillance.</div>
<div>But that’s not the only case in which the government has
refused to detail its surveillance. When San Diego cab driver
BasaalySaeedMoalin was charged with providing material support to
terrorists based on surveillance evidence in Dec. 2010, his attorney,
Joshua Dratel, <a moz-do-not-send="true" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"
href="http://www.wired.com/threatlevel/2013/06/nsa-defense-lawyers/">tried
to get the government’s wiretap application to the Foreign Intelligence
Surveillance Court</a>. The government refused, citing national
security.</div>
<div>Dratel only learned that the government had used Moalin’s
phone records as the basis for its wiretap application — collected
under Section 215 of the Patriot Act — when FBI Deputy Director Sean
Joyce <a moz-do-not-send="true" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"
href="http://arstechnica.com/tech-policy/2013/06/defense-lawyer-says-govt-hid-nsa-role-in-california-terrorism-case/">cited
the Moalin case as a success story</a> for the bulk phone records
collection program.</div>
<div>Reuters has also reported that <a moz-do-not-send="true"
rel="nofollow" target="_blank"
href="http://www.reuters.com/article/2013/08/05/us-dea-sod-idUSBRE97409R20130805">a
U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration unit uses evidence from
surveillance to investigate Americans</a> for drug-related crimes, and
then directs DEA agents to “recreate” the investigations to cover up
the original tip, so defendants won’t know they’ve been monitored.</div>
<div><b>As a senator, Obama wanted the attorney general to
submit a public report giving aggregate data about how many people had
been targeted for searches. </b></div>
<div>Under current law, the attorney general gives
congressional intelligence committees a <a moz-do-not-send="true"
rel="nofollow" target="_blank"
href="http://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/50/1871">semiannual
report with aggregate data</a> on how many people have been targeted
for surveillance. Obama co-sponsored a 2005 bill that would have <a
moz-do-not-send="true" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"
href="https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/745290-s-737-2005.html#document/p77/a112676">made
that report public</a>. The bill didn’t make it out of committee.</div>
<div>Despite requests from <a moz-do-not-send="true"
rel="nofollow" target="_blank"
href="http://www.uscourts.gov/uscourts/courts/fisc/misc-13-04-motion.pdf">Microsoft</a>
and <a moz-do-not-send="true" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"
href="http://www.uscourts.gov/uscourts/courts/fisc/misc-13-03-motion.pdf">Google</a>,
the Justice Department has not yet given companies approval to disclose
aggregate data about surveillance directives.</div>
<div><b>As a senator, Obama wanted the government to declassify
significant surveillance court opinions.</b></div>
<div>Currently, the attorney general also gives congressional
intelligence committees “significant” surveillance court opinions,
decisions and orders and summaries of any <a moz-do-not-send="true"
rel="nofollow" target="_blank"
href="http://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/50/1871">significant
legal interpretations</a>. The 2005 bill that Obama co-sponsored would
have <a moz-do-not-send="true" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"
href="https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/745290-s-737-2005.html#document/p77/a112676">released
those opinions to the public</a>, allowing redactions for sensitive
national security information.</div>
<div>Before Edward Snowden’s disclosures, the Obama Justice
Department had <a moz-do-not-send="true" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"
href="http://projects.propublica.org/graphics/surveillance-suits">fought
Freedom of Information Act lawsuits</a> seeking surveillance court
opinions. On July 31, the Director of National Intelligence released a <a
moz-do-not-send="true" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"
href="http://www.scribd.com/doc/157209893/DNI-declassifies-primary-order-regarding-bulk-collection-of-cell-phone-metadata#page=8">heavily
redacted</a> version of the FISA court’s “<a moz-do-not-send="true"
rel="nofollow" target="_blank"
href="http://www.dni.gov/files/documents/PrimaryOrder_Collection_215.pdf">primary
order</a>” compelling telecoms to turn over metadata.</div>
<div>In response to a request from Yahoo, the government also
says it is going to <a moz-do-not-send="true" rel="nofollow"
target="_blank"
href="http://www.uscourts.gov/uscourts/courts/fisc/105b-g-07-01-response-130715.pdf">declassify
court documents</a> showing how Yahoo challenged a government directive
to turn over user data. The Director of National Intelligence is still
reviewing if there are other surveillance court opinions and other
significant documents that may be released. Meanwhile, there are <a
moz-do-not-send="true" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"
href="http://thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/z?c113:H.R.2475:">several</a><a
moz-do-not-send="true" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"
href="http://thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/z?c113:S.1130:">bills</a> in
Congress that would compel the government to release secret
surveillance court opinions.</div>
<div><a moz-do-not-send="true" rel="nofollow" target="_blank"
href="http://twitter.com/karabrandeisky">Follow @karabrandeisky</a></div>
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