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      <h1><big><big><big>Attack On Ghouta, Syria, 1 Year On:
              Washington's Lies Debunked</big></big></big></h1>
      <big><big><big> </big></big></big></div>
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      <div class="cat-date-line"><big><big><big><span
                class="cat-date-line2"><a
                  href="http://www.popularresistance.org/category/educate/"
                  title="View all posts in Educate!" rel="category tag">Educate!</a></span>
              <span class="cat-date-line3"> <a
                  href="http://www.popularresistance.org/tag/isis/"
                  rel="tag">ISIS</a>, <a
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                  rel="tag">Syria</a>, <a
                  href="http://www.popularresistance.org/tag/wars-and-militarism/"
                  rel="tag">Wars and Militarism</a> </span> <br>
              <span class="cat-date-line4">By Eric Draitser, <a
                  href="http://rt.com/op-edge/181840-syria-chemical-ghouta-war-us/"
                  target="_blank">www.rt.com</a><br>
                August 23rd, 2014</span><br>
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      <p><big><big><big><em>ARCHIVE PHOTO: A United Nations (UN) arms
                expert collects samples on August 29, 2013, as they
                inspect the site where rockets had fallen in Damascus’
                eastern Ghouta suburb during an investigation into a
                suspected chemical weapons strike near the capital (AFP
                Photo)</em></big></big></big></p>
      <big><big><big>
          </big></big></big>
      <p><big><big><big>This week marks the first anniversary of the
              infamous chemical weapons attack on the Damascus suburb of
              Ghouta.</big></big></big></p>
      <big><big><big>
          </big></big></big>
      <p><big><big><big>What makes that incident significant, both
              politically and historically, is the fact that, despite
              the evidence of Syrian government involvement being
              non-existent, the Obama administration nearly began a war
              with Syria using Ghouta as the pretext.</big></big></big></p>
      <big><big><big>
          </big></big></big>
      <p><big><big><big>As the months have passed however, scientific
              studies amassing an impressive body of evidence have shown
              that, not only were Washington’s claims of <em>“certainty”</em>
              that Assad’s forces had used chemical weapons in their war
              with extremist fighters utterly baseless, but in fact the
              reality was quite the opposite – the rebels were the most
              likely culprits of the attack.</big></big></big></p>
      <big><big><big>
          </big></big></big>
      <p><big><big><big>Additionally, in the year since the Ghouta
              attack, the nature of the war in Syria, and specifically
              the way in which it is understood in the West, has changed
              dramatically. The so-called rebels have been defeated in
              regular battles and skirmishes with Syrian military
              forces, while the specter of ISIS has emerged as the
              embodiment of evil in the eyes of the Western public.</big></big></big></p>
      <big><big><big>
          </big></big></big>
      <p><big><big><big>While ISIS (now the Islamic State, or IS) was
              summarily executing Syrian civilians in Aleppo and smaller
              towns in Syria, they were no threat. While they were
              merely destroying Christian and Shiite shrines, crucifying
              prisoners, and sowing terror throughout Syria, they did
              not constitute a serious problem.</big></big></big></p>
      <big><big><big>
          </big></big></big>
      <p><big><big><big>However, now that the IS has emerged on the
              world stage, controlling parts of Syria and Iraq, and
              expanding into Lebanon, the equation on the ground in
              Syria has changed. With the West, in particular the United
              States, desperately seeking to reestablish a politically
              dominant position in Syria and delegitimize Assad and his
              government, the pretext for aggression has shifted from
              chemical weapons and Assad’s <em>‘butchery’</em> to the
              inescapable need to combat the IS.</big></big></big></p>
      <big><big><big>
          </big></big></big>
      <p><big><big><big>Though conditions on the ground have changed in
              the last 12 months, the West’s agenda for Syria has
              changed very little. Regime change is still the name of
              the game.</big></big></big></p>
      <big><big><big>
          </big></big></big>
      <p><big><big><big> </big></big></big></p>
      <big><big><big>
          </big></big></big>
      <div class="article_img" style="float: none; margin-left: 0px;
        margin-right: 0px;"><big><big><big><img scale="0" style="width:
                690px; float: none; margin: 0px;"
                src="cid:part16.00030700.00060807@comcast.net" alt="AFP
                Photo / HO">
            </big></big></big>
        <p class="article_img_footer"><big><big><big>AFP Photo / HO</big></big></big></p>
        <big><big><big>
            </big></big></big></div>
      <big><big><big>
          </big></big></big>
      <h2><big><big><big>Ghouta: Washington’s lies debunked</big></big></big></h2>
      <big><big><big>
          </big></big></big>
      <p><big><big><big>By the morning of August 22, 2013 – mere hours
              after the incident – the Western media had already tried
              and convicted Syrian President Bashar Assad for the
              chemical attack on Ghouta, which allegedly killed roughly
              1,300 Syrians. <a
href="http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/middle-east/syrias-darkest-day-opposition-blames-assad-forces-as-up-to-1300-killed-in-poison-gas-attacks-8777527.html"
                target="_blank">Headlines</a> around the world, such as
              <em>“Syria’s darkest day? Opposition blames Assad forces
                as up to 1,300 killed in ‘poison gas attacks’”</em> had
              already convinced the world that Damascus was behind the
              attack, that Assad was obviously a war criminal with a
              lust for blood, and that Western intervention was both
              necessary and morally justified.</big></big></big></p>
      <big><big><big>
          </big></big></big>
      <p><big><big><big>Such was the tone of political discourse and
              rhetoric in the West following the attack. But then, a
              funny thing happened…people began questioning the validity
              of the claims and demanding irrefutable evidence.</big></big></big></p>
      <big><big><big>
          </big></big></big>
      <p><big><big><big>I am happy to say that I was one of those people
              demanding that the US-NATO version of events be
              scrutinized carefully. In an <a
href="http://stopimperialism.org/articles/debunking-u-s-government-assessment-syrian-governments-use-chemical-weapons-august-21-2013/"
                target="_blank">article</a> dated August 30, 2013, and
              titled <em>‘Debunking the US Government Assessment of the
                Syrian Government’s Use of Chemical Weapons on August
                21, 2013’</em> I examined carefully the claims made by
              Washington that purported to establish undeniable proof
              that Assad’s forces carried out the attack. In the
              article, which provided a point-by-point refutation of
              Washington’s allegations, I wrote:</big></big></big></p>
      <big><big><big>
          </big></big></big>
      <p><big><big><big><em>“Any critical reading of this document [the
                US Assessment] must begin with the notions of ‘human
                intelligence’ and ‘witness accounts’. Such terminology
                indicates that the US is simply basing pre-conceived
                conclusions on rebel sources and the much touted
                ‘activists’ who seem to always be the sources quoted in
                Western media reports. Secondly, it is obvious that US
                officials have cherry-picked their eyewitness accounts
                as there are many, from both sides of the conflict,
                which directly contradict this so-called high-confidence
                assessment.”</em></big></big></big></p>
      <big><big><big>
          </big></big></big>
      <p><big><big><big>Just by examining the conclusions drawn by
              Washington at the time, it was abundantly clear that a
              political, rather than a forensic and evidenced-based,
              account of the events was being presented by the White
              House. However, the attempt to make war on Syria
              ultimately faltered for political reasons, and so, the
              story mostly fell away from the public spotlight.</big></big></big></p>
      <big><big><big>
          </big></big></big>
      <p><big><big><big>In the subsequent months, multiple studies were
              in fact carried out to try to firmly establish the truth
              of what happened in Ghouta. In a comprehensive report
              released in January 2014 (more than four months after the
              incident), former UN weapons inspector Richard Lloyd and
              Prof. Theodore Postol of MIT effectively debunked the
              claims of the US government (along with Human Rights Watch
              and a number of other organizations), showing conclusively
              that US intelligence and conclusions regarding the
              incident were grossly inaccurate. The <a
href="https://s3.amazonaws.com/s3.documentcloud.org/documents/1006045/possible-implications-of-bad-intelligence.pdf?_sm_au_=iRVHR0PW26P4tNjr"
                target="_blank">report</a>, entitled Possible
              Implications of Faulty US Technical Intelligence in the
              Damascus Nerve Agent Attack of August 21, 2013, notes
              that:</big></big></big></p>
      <big><big><big>
          </big></big></big>
      <p><big><big><big><em>“The Syrian improvised chemical munitions
                that were used in the August 21 nerve agent attack in
                Damascus have a range of about 2km…[The evidence]
                indicates that these munitions could not possibly have
                been fired at East Ghouta from the ‘heart’, or from the
                eastern edge, of the Syrian Government-controlled area
                shown in the intelligence map published by the White
                House on August 30, 2013…The UN independent assessment
                of the range of the chemical munitions is in exact
                agreement with our findings…this mistaken intelligence
                could have led to an unjustified US military action
                based on false intelligence.”</em></big></big></big></p>
      <big><big><big>
          </big></big></big>
      <p><big><big><big> </big></big></big></p>
      <big><big><big>
          </big></big></big>
      <div class="article_img" style="float: none; margin-left: 0px;
        margin-right: 0px;"><big><big><big><img scale="0" style="float:
                none; margin: 0px;"
                src="cid:part20.05010301.04090005@comcast.net" alt="A
                handout image released by the Syrian opposition's Shaam
                News Network shows people inspecting bodies of children
                and adults laying on the ground as Syrian rebels claim
                they were killed in a toxic gas attack by pro-government
                forces in eastern Ghouta, on the outskirts of Damascus
                on August 21, 2013. (AFP/Shaam News Network)">
            </big></big></big>
        <p class="article_img_footer"><big><big><big>A handout image
                released by the Syrian opposition’s Shaam News Network
                shows people inspecting bodies of children and adults
                laying on the ground as Syrian rebels claim they were
                killed in a toxic gas attack by pro-government forces in
                eastern Ghouta, on the outskirts of Damascus on August
                21, 2013. (AFP/Shaam News Network)</big></big></big></p>
        <big><big><big>
            </big></big></big></div>
      <big><big><big>
          </big></big></big>
      <p><big><big><big>And so, once an honest, scientific investigation
              was conducted, the entire fabricated narrative with which
              Washington sought authorization to go to war in Syria was
              exposed as fraudulent. Unfortunately, by that point most
              of the world was no longer paying attention.</big></big></big></p>
      <big><big><big>
          </big></big></big>
      <p><big><big><big>A few months later, in April 2014, Pulitzer
              Prize-winning journalist Seymour Hersh published his
              absolutely <a
href="http://www.lrb.co.uk/v36/n08/seymour-m-hersh/the-red-line-and-the-rat-line"
                target="_blank">critical piece</a> The Red Line and the
              Rat Line in which he wrote:</big></big></big></p>
      <big><big><big>
          </big></big></big>
      <p><big><big><big><em>“The American and British intelligence
                communities had been aware since the spring of 2013 that
                some rebel units in Syria were developing chemical
                weapons…Defense Intelligence Agency issued a highly
                classified five-page ‘talking points’ briefing… which
                stated that Al-Nusra maintained a sarin production cell:
                its program, the paper said, was ‘the most advanced
                sarin plot since Al-Qaeda’s pre-9/11 effort…Previous IC
                [intelligence community] focus had been almost entirely
                on Syrian CW [chemical weapons] stockpiles; now we see
                ANF attempting to make its own CW … Al-Nusra Front’s
                relative freedom of operation within Syria leads us to
                assess the group’s CW aspirations will be difficult to
                disrupt in the future.’ The paper drew on classified
                intelligence from numerous agencies: ‘Turkey and
                Saudi-based chemical facilitators,’ it said, ‘were
                attempting to obtain sarin precursors in bulk, tens of
                kilograms, likely for the anticipated large-scale
                production effort in Syria.’”</em></big></big></big></p>
      <big><big><big>
          </big></big></big>
      <p><big><big><big>So Hersh’s reporting finally firmly established
              the fact that the rebels were indeed capable of carrying
              out the attack on East Ghouta, and that they had help from
              Turkey, Saudi Arabia, and possibly other regional actors.
              And so, not only did they have the motive (to blame Assad
              for using chemical weapons while international
              investigators were in Syria, thereby justifying a military
              intervention and regime change), but also the means and
              opportunity. This is an essential point because the entire
              <em>‘case’</em> against Assad relied on the fact that only
              Damascus was technologically and logistically capable of
              carrying out such an attack. On the contrary, evidence has
              since come to light substantiating the claim from Damascus
              all along that the rebels indeed carried out the attack.</big></big></big></p>
      <big><big><big>
          </big></big></big>
      <p><big><big><big>Why go into this history with the first
              anniversary upon us? Because it provides observers with a
              case study in how Western propaganda operates, how it
              works in synchronicity with the policy agendas of the
              Western powers, how it serves to suppress and/or distort
              facts in order to shape them to fit a pre-conceived
              narrative. They did, and continue to do, it in Syria.
              They’re doing it in Ukraine. They’re doing it in Iraq (not
              for the first time). It is predictable yet, sadly, many
              still fall for it.</big></big></big></p>
      <big><big><big>
          </big></big></big>
      <p><big><big><big> </big></big></big></p>
      <big><big><big>
          </big></big></big>
      <div class="article_img" style="float: none; margin-left: 0px;
        margin-right: 0px;"><big><big><big><img scale="0" style="float:
                none; margin: 0px;"
                src="cid:part22.00070308.00000601@comcast.net" alt="AFP
                Photo / HO">
            </big></big></big>
        <p class="article_img_footer"><big><big><big>AFP Photo / HO</big></big></big></p>
        <big><big><big>
            </big></big></big></div>
      <big><big><big>
          </big></big></big>
      <h2><big><big><big>How ISIS changed conversation, but not agenda</big></big></big></h2>
      <big><big><big>
          </big></big></big>
      <p><big><big><big>In the year since the Ghouta attack, the war in
              Syria has taken on a new dimension. With the rise to
              public infamy of the IS, the conversation around Syria has
              changed drastically. Before, the warmongers such as John
              McCain and others argued that the US must bomb Syria in
              order to effect regime change, ousting the <em>‘butcher’</em>
              Assad and replacing his government with one more amenable
              to Washington. Today, the same warmongers make the same
              tired arguments about the necessity of using military <em>‘intervention’</em>
              to fight the menace of the IS, an organization now
              controlling vast swaths of Iraq and Syria.</big></big></big></p>
      <big><big><big>
          </big></big></big>
      <p><big><big><big>The gruesome <a
href="http://nymag.com/daily/intelligencer/2014/08/isis-beheaded-journalist-james-wright-foley.html"
                target="_blank">video</a> allegedly depicting American
              journalist James Wright Foley being executed by members of
              the IS has predictably elicited bellicose rhetoric from
              seemingly every corner of US political life. The
              unabashedly right-wing New York Post published an <a
                href="http://nypost.com/2014/08/20/time-to-bomb-isis/"
                target="_blank">editorial</a> entitled Time to Bomb ISIS
              in which the authors wrote, <em>“[This incident] puts
                President Obama in a difficult spot. But the president
                must do whatever it takes to counter this vicious
                savagery: that is, launch full-throttled airstrikes
                against ISIS and its ‘caliphate’ in Iraq and Syria –
                until the threat is gone…With American lives now being
                taken and even more at risk, America is now directly
                involved. No more playing footsie with butchers.”</em></big></big></big></p>
      <big><big><big>
          </big></big></big>
      <p><big><big><big>The editorial offers insights into the thinking
              of US imperialists who have been calling for US military
              action against Syria for more than a year, who supported
              the illegal US war on Iraq, and seemingly every instance
              of US aggression throughout the world, especially when
              initiated by Republican presidents. Indeed, a close
              reading of the above excerpt makes it clear that many in
              the US feel that the IS should be used as a pretext to <em>‘finish
                the job’</em>, so to speak. <em>“No more playing
                footsie with butchers”</em> is a revealing statement,
              showing clearly that the vilified Assad must be destroyed
              via an operation against the IS.</big></big></big></p>
      <big><big><big>
          </big></big></big>
      <p><big><big><big>Notice also that the authors make the
              appallingly ignorant statement that <em>“America is now
                directly involved.”</em> Naturally, these political
              observers must have been asleep for the past three years,
              as the US has been intimately involved in every phase of
              the destabilization of Syria. As the NYT <a
href="http://rt.com/op-edge/181840-syria-chemical-ghouta-war-us/%20http://www.nytimes.com/2012/06/21/world/middleeast/cia-said-to-aid-in-steering-arms-to-syrian-rebels.html?pagewanted=all&_r=0"
                target="_blank">reported</a> back in June 2012, the CIA
              has been working extensively with the Syrian Muslim
              Brotherhood to funnel weapons, communications equipment,
              and other material support to the extremists in Syria
              fighting against the government of Assad.</big></big></big></p>
      <big><big><big>
          </big></big></big>
      <p><big><big><big>Naturally, those weapons and materiel have been
              used to create and expand the terror group we now call the
              IS. And so, in a very direct way, the cancer spreading
              through Iraq and Syria is a US-NATO-GCC creation. But of
              course, according to the eminent American analysts at the
              NY Post and elsewhere, the US has been merely a sideline
              cheerleader, totally uninvolved in the chaos in the
              region. Whether these <em>‘experts’</em> are willfully
              ignorant, deliberately deceitful or genuinely stupid is
              certainly up for debate.</big></big></big></p>
      <big><big><big>
          </big></big></big>
      <p><big><big><big>But, a look at the media coverage of the IS and
              the region in recent weeks does not bode well for the
              millions around the world who have simply had enough of US
              <em>‘interventions’</em> in the Middle East and beyond.
              The drumbeat for war is once again audible, as it was
              exactly one year ago with the incident in Ghouta. The more
              things change, the more they stay the same. Yesterday’s
              chemical weapons have become today’s IS threat.</big></big></big></p>
      <big><big><big>
          </big></big></big>
      <p><big><big><big>Conveniently for Washington, no matter which way
              the menu is written, war is the main course.</big></big></big></p>
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