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<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial Black",sans-serif;color:black">Yeah, just look at the list of “leftist” warmongers who called upon Obama to Bomb Syria over the bogus chemical weapons charges that I was doing everything
humanly possible at the time to stop and was debunking too. Later Sy Hersh revealed it was all warmongering propaganda in his investigative report in the London Review of Books. It was obvious to me and others at the time that this was typical Obama Liberal
Warmongering Propaganda. And most of these “leftist” warmongers could have easily figured it out if they wanted to. And many of them probably already had. Fab.<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial Black",sans-serif;color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><b><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">From:</span></b><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"> Radical Philosophy Association [mailto:RPA-LIST@LISTSERV.UTK.EDU]
<b>On Behalf Of </b>Richard Curtis<br>
<b>Sent:</b> Wednesday, August 14, 2013 12:58 PM<br>
<b>To:</b> RPA-LIST@LISTSERV.UTK.EDU<br>
<b>Subject:</b> Re: [RPA-LIST] Jean Bricmont: The Wishful Thinking Left<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><span style="color:black">Wishful thinking on the “Left” really? Who are these supposed “Leftists” he has in mind? It is wishful thinking by liberals!<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><span style="color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><span style="color:black">From what I can tell we on the Left are very clear that the “rebels” in Syria are just mercenaries being paid by imperialist forces. The battle in Syria is to preserve sovereignty in the
face of imperial aggression.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><span style="color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><span style="color:black">Anyone who does not understand this is obviously not deserving of any respect (they are brain dead morons falling for imperial lies).<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><span style="color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><span style="color:black">I pasted the list of signatories below and most of the names I do not recognize. There are a few names (Alice Walker, Frederick Jameson, Norm Finkelstein and Tariq Ali) who ought to know
better so I am puzzled that their names appear (I also recognized Michael Lowy, but I worry that his romanticism leads him to misunderstand the world generally, but that is just my personal view having read him in the past). But maybe someone hit them up
with a distorted version or something. But what stands out from the list is that it is just a random list of names. It is not a list of political intellectuals on the left.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><span style="color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><span style="color:black">Richard C<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><span style="color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:9.0pt;margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F">Signatories<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Aaron Winslow</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, (Columbia University,
United States)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Abbas Beydoun, </span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">(Poet, Lebanon)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Abdellatif Zeroual</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, (Left activist,
Morocco)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Abdeslam Cherkouk</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, (Journalist,
Morocco)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Abir Saksook</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, (Architect and activist,
Lebanon)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Adam Hanieh</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in"> (SOAS University of
London, United Kingdom)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Adam Shapiro</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in"> (Activist, United
States)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Aida Seif Ell Dawla</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, (Human Rights
Activist, Egypt)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Akram Zaatari</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, (Artist, Lebanon)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Ala Hlehel</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, (Author, Palestine)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Alex Todorova</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in"> (University of Columbia,
United States/Bulgaria)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Ali Amin Suwaid</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, (Writer, Syria)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Ali Atassi</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, (Journalist, Syria)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Alice Walker</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, (Writer, United States)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Amahl Bishara</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, (Tufts University,
United States)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Amr Al-Azm</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, (Shawnee State University,
Activist and board member of The Day After NGO, Syria)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Amr Saeddeine</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, (Université libre
de Bruxelles, Belgium/ Palestine)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Amy Ansell,</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in"> (Emerson College, United
States)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Ania Loomba</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, (University of Pennsylvania,
United States)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">AnnJanette Rosga</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, (Human Rights
Researcher, United States)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Ann Ferguson </span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">(University of Massachusetts,
United States)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Anne Meneley,</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in"> (Trent University,
Canada)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Anthony Arnove</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, (Author, Iraq:
The Logic of Withdrawal, United States)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Arturo Escobar</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, (University of
North Carolina-Chapel Hill, United States/Colombia)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Asef Bayat</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in"> (University of Illinois,
United States)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Ashok Chowdhury, </span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">(India)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Aziza Chaouni,</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in"> (University of Toronto,
Canada/Morocco)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Azmi Bishara</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, (writer, Palestine)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Bassem Chit</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, (Socialist Forum,
Lebanon)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Bernadette Daou</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, (leftist militant,
Lebanon)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Bernardine Dohrn</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in"> (Northwestern
University, United States)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Bill Ayers</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in"> (University of Illinois
at Chicago, United States)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Bill Weinberg</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, (Journalist and
author, United States)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Brian Slocock</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, (University of Paisley,
Scotland)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Budour Hassan</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, (Author, Palestine)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Cara Moyer, </span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">(Emerson College, United
States)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Caitlin Ella Wind, </span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">(Writer, United
States)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Can Irmak Özinanır</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, (Faculty of
Communication, Ankara University, Turkey)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Chandan Redd</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, (University of Washington,
United States)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Chandler Davis</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, (University of
Toronto, Canada)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Chandra Talpade Mohanty</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, (Feminist
Scholar-Activist, India/United States)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Charles Hirschkind,</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in"> (UC Berkeley,
United States)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Chela Sandoval</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in"> (University of California,
Santa Barbara)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Claudia Castañeda, </span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">(Emerson College,
United States)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">David Byrne</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, McDonald III, (Photographer
and activist, United States)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">David McNally</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in"> (York University,
Canada)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><a href="https://www.facebook.com/david.wearing"><b><span style="font-family:inherit;color:#28708A;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">David Wearing</span></b></a></span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">,
(SOAS, United Kingdom)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Dean Spade, </span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">(Seattle University
Law, United States)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Deepa Kumar</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in"> (Rutgers University,
United States)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Diana Coryat</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, (University of Massachusetts,
United States)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Dyala Hamzah</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, (Université de Montréal,
Canada)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Elena Yehia</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, (University of North
Carolina, United States/ Lebanon)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Elias Khoury,</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in"> (Writer, Lebanon)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Elliott Colla,</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in"> (Georgetown University,
United States)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Elsa Wiehe</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, (University of Massachusetts,
United States/ Mauritius)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Erika Marquez</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, (Bryn Mawr College,
United States/Colombia)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Estella Carpi</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in"> (University of Sydney
/ American University of Beirut)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Etienne Balibar</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in"> (Columbia University,
United States/ France)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Faraj Bayrakdar</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in"> (Poet, Syria)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Farouk Mardam Bey </span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">(Intellectual,
Syria)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Fawaz Traboulsi</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, (Writer, Lebanon)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Felicia Pratto</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, (University of
Connecticut, United States)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Francois Burgat</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in"> (CNRS, France)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Fredric Jameson</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in"> (Duke University,
United States)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Gail Daneker</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, (Director of Peace
Education and Advocacy, Friends for a NonViolent World –St. Paul, United States)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Gerry Emmett</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, (Resident Editorial
Board, News and Letters Committees, Chicago, United States)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Ghassan Hage</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in"> (University of Melbourne,
Australia/ Lebanon)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Ghassan Makarem</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, (Socialist Forum,
Lebanon)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Ghayath Naisse</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, (Surgeon, Left
Revolutionary Current, Syria)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Gilbert Achcar</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in"> (SOAS, University
of London, Lebanon/ United Kingdom)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Golbarg Bashi,</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in"> (Rutgers University,
United States/Iran)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Graham Peebles</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, (Artist and Writer,
United Kingdom)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Gustavo Esteva</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, (Universidad de
la Tierra-Oaxaca, Mexico)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Hamid Dabashi</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, (Columbia University,
United States/ Iran)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Hani al-Sayed</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in"> (American University
in Cairo, Syria/ Egypt)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Haroldo Dilla Alfonso</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, (Sociologist,
Cuba/Dominican Republic)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Hazem al-Azmeh</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in"> (Intellectual, Syria)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Ibrahim Al-Assil</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, (Syrian Non-Violent
Movement, Syria)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Ibrahim Jalal</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, (Artist, Syria)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Ilan Pappe</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in"> (University of Exeter,
United Kingdom)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Isabelle Momméja</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, (Activist, France)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Issam Aburaya, (Seton Hall University, United States)</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">James Cohen</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, (Université Sorbonne
Nouvelle Paris 3, France/ United States)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">James L. Gelvin,</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in"> (UCLA, United
States)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Jamie Allinson</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, (University of
Westminster. UCU member, United Kingdom)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Jean-Philippe Schreiber</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, (Université
libre de Bruxelles, Belgium)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Jean-Pierre Filiu</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in"> (Institut d'études
politiques de Paris, France)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Jed Murr</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, (University of Washington,
United States)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Jeff Napolitano, </span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">(Activist, United
States)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Jens Hanssen</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in"> ( University of Tornoto,
Canada/ Germany)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Jihad Yazigi</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in"> (Journalist, Syria)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Jihane Sfeir</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in"> (Université Libre
de Bruxelles, Lebanon/ Belgium)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Jillian Schwedler</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, (University
of Massachusetts Amherst, United States)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Joanne Landy</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, (Co-Director, Campaign
for Peace and Democracy, United States)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Joe Vasicek</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, (Science Fiction &
Fantasy Writer, United States)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">John Chalcraft,</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in"> (London School
of Economics, United Kingdom)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">John Holloway</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in"> (Benemérita Universidad
Autónoma de Puebla, United States/ Mexico)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">John O’Brien</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, (Los Angeles California, Stonewall
Rebellion Participant, United States)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Joseph Daher,</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in"> (University of Lausanne,
Syria/ Switzerland)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Karam Dana</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, (University of Washington,
United States/Palestine)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Karmen Abou Jaoudeh</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, (Legal activist,
Lebanon)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Kathy McDonough, </span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">(Wheelock College,
United States)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Khaled Khalifa</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, (Novelist, Syria)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Khaled saghieh</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, (Journalist, Lebanon)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Khawla Dunia</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, (Activist, Syria)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Kifah Kayal,</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in"> (Activist, Palestinian
ex-political prisoner, Palestine)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Kirsten scheid</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, (American University
of Beirut, Lebanon)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Kmar Bandana</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in"> (Université de La
Manouba, Tunisia)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Konstantin Kilibarda</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in"> (York University,
Mississauga territories)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Laleh Khalili,</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in"> (SOAS, University
of London, United Kingdom)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Lawrence Grossberg</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, (University
of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, United States)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Leyla Dakhli</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, (Researcher, CNRS,
France)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Lieven De Cauter,</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in"> (Catholic University
of Leuven/RITS, Belgium)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Lilia Marsali</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, (Teacher, United
Kingdom)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Linda Quiquivix, </span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">(Brown University,
United States / Guatemala)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Lindsey Collen</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, (left activist
and novelist, Mauritius)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Loulouwa Al Rachid</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, (Journalist,
Saudi Arabia)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Lucia Sorbera</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, (The University
of Sydney, Australia)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Manijeh Nasrabadi, </span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">(New York University,
United States/ Iran)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Manuel Barrera</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, (Metropolitan State
University, United States)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Manuel Castells,</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in"> (University Professor
of Communication, University of Southern California)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Marc Saint-Upéry,</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in"> (Journalist and
translator, France/Ecuador)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Maria Koundoura </span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">(Emerson College,
United States/ Greece)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Marisol de la Cadena</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, (UC Davis,
United States/ Peru)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Marnia Lazreg</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, sociologist, USA/Algeria</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Mary Nyquist</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, University of Toronto,
Canada<br>
<b>Mary Rizzo</b> (blogger and activist translator, Italy) </span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Max D. Weiss,</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in"> (Princeton University,
United States)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Mayssun Succarie, </span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">(American University
in Cairo, Egypt/ Lebanon)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Mehdi Meftah</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, (Militant, France)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Mélanie Cambrezy</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, (Université de
Montréal, Canada)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Mercedes Olivera B.</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, (Antropóloga
Feminista, UNICACH, México.)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Michael Cisco</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, (writer and teacher,
United States)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Michael Lowy</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, (Social scientist,
France)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Mirta Tocci</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, (Emerson College,
United States)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Mirza Waheed</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in"> (Novelist, United
Kingdom)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Mohamad Ali Attassi</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, (Writer, Syria/
Lebanon)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Mohamad Al Bardan, </span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">(Syrian Non
Violent Movement, United States/ Syria)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Mohammad Moeini,</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in"> (University of
Massachusetts, United States/ Iran)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Mohammed Bamyeh</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, (University of
Pittsburgh, United States)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Mona Abaza</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, (American University
in Cairo, Egypt)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Muhammad Ali Khalidi,</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in"> (York University,
Canada)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Muhammad Idrees Ahmad</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, (Writer
and Sociologist, Scotland)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Nader Atassi,</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in"> (Writer, Syria /
United States)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Nadia Fadil</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, (KU Leuven, Belgium)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Nadim N. Rouhana, </span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">(Tufts University
-- United States, and Palestine)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Nadine Bekdache,</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in"> (Designer/ Activist,
Lebanon)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Nadje Al-Ali,</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in"> (SOAS, University
of London, United Kingdom)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Nasser Rabbat</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, (MIT, United States/Syria)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Natalie Zemon Davis,</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in"> (University
of Toronto, Canada)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Nidal Al-Azraq</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, (United States/
Palestine)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Nigel Gibson</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in"> (Emerson college,
United States/ Britain)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Nimer Sultany,</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in"> (SUNY Buffalo Law
School, United States/Palestine)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Noa Shaindlinger</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, (University of
Toronto, Canada/Palestine)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Norbert Hirschhorn</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, (Physician,
United Kingdom/ Lebanon)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Norman Finkelstein</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in"> (American researcher
and writer, United Sates)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Olivier Le Cour Grandmaison</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in"> (Scholar,
France)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Omar Dahi</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, (Hampshire College,
Syria/ United States)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Omar Dewachi</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, (American University
of Beirut, Iraq/Canada)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Omnia El Shakry,</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in"> (UC Davis, United
States)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Oussama Mohamad</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in"> (Film maker, Syria/
France)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Ozlem Goner</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, (CUNY, Turkey/ United
States)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Pablo Stefanoni</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, (Chief editor,
Nueva Sociedad, Argentina)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Paul Kellogg</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, (Athabasca University,
Edmonton, Canada)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Paul Kingston</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, (University of Toronto,
Canada)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Pierre Tevanian</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, (Writer, activist,
France)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">R. Radhakrishnan</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in"> (UC Irvine, United
States/ India)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Rabha Attaf</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, (Reporter, France)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Raed Firas</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, (Activist, Syria)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Raed Khartabil</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, (Activist, Syria)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Rashid Khalidi</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in"> (Columbia University,
United States/Palestine)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Razan Ghazzawi</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, (Activist, Syria)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Richard Seymour</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, (Writer, London
School of Economics, International Socialists Network, United Kingdom)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Rime Allaf</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, (Writer and adviser,
Syria)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Robert Young</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, (New York University,
United States)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Robin Yassin-Kassab</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, (novelist
and commentator, Syria/ United Kingdom)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Rola Rukbi,</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in"> (Syria)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Ruba Alkhouli</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, (Activist, Spain)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Rupert Read,</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in"> (Chair of the Green
House thinktank, United Kingdom)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Saad Hajo</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in"> (Cartoonist, Syria)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Saba Mahmood </span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">(UC Berkeley, United
States)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Sabah Hallak,</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in"> (Lebanon)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Sadiq Jalal Azem</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, (Writer, Syria)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Sadri Khiari</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in"> (Writer, Tunisia)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Salah Mosbah</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, (University of Tunis,
Tunisia)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Salam Kawakibi, </span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">(Arab Reform Initiative,
Syria)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Salam Said</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in"> (Economist/Germany)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Salameh Kaileh</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in"> (Intellectual, Syria/Palestine)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Salim Vally</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, (University of Johannesburg,
South Africa)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Sami Hermez</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, (University of Pittsburg,
United States/ Lebanon)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Samir Aita</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in"> (Le Monde Diplomatique
editions arabes, Cercle des Economistes Arabes)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Samuel Binkley, </span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">(Emerson College,
United States)<b> </b></span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Santiago de Rico Alba</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in"> (Philosopher,
Spain)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Sarah Bracke</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, (KU Leuven, Belgium)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Sarah Eltantawi</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, (Scholar of religion
and writer, United States)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Sari Hanafi</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, (American University
of Beirut, Lebanon/ Palestine)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Seda Altug</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, (Bogazici University,
Turkey)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Sherifa Zuhur</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, (historian, Director,
Institute of Middle Eastern, Islamic and Strategic Studies, United Kingdom)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Sherry Wolf</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, (Author of Sexuality
and Socialism, United States)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Simon Assaf</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, (Activist, United
Kingdom/ Lebanon)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Sinan Antoon, </span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">(New York University,
Iraq/ United States)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Sirisha Naidu</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, (Wright State University,
India/ United States)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Sonja Mejcher-Atassi</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, (America
University of Beirut, Lebanon)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Srinivas Lankala</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, (University of
Massachusetts, India/United States)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Stephen R. Shalom</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, (William Paterson
University, United States)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Steve Graham</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, (Newcastle University,
United Kingdom)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Steven Friedman</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, (University of
Johannesburg, South Africa)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Suad Joseph</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, (University of California,
Davis, United States/ Lebanon)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Swati Birla</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, (University of Massachusetts,
India/ United States)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Sylvie Tissot</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in"> (University of Paris-8,
France)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Talal Asad</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in"> (CUNY, United States)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Tamera Marko</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, (Emerson College,
United States)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Tariq Ali</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in"> (Writer, journalist,
and filmmaker, United Kingdom/ Pakistan)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Tewfik Allal, </span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">(Activist, Manifeste
des libertés, France)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Thaer Alsahli </span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">(Activist, Syria/Palestine)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Thierry Boissière</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in"> (Institut français
du Proche-Orient, France)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Thomas Harrison</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, (Co-Director,
Campaign for Peace and Democracy, United States)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Thomas Markus Kvilhaug</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, (International
Socialist branch, Norway)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Tiffany Kreierhoff</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, (writer, United
States)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Toufic Haddad</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, (author, SOAS, United
Kingdom)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Vijay Prashad</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in"> (Trinity College,
United States/ India)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Walid Daaw,</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in"> (Teacher, The left
forum)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Walter Mignolo</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, (Duke University,
United States/ Argentina)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Wendy Brown</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in"> (UC Berkeley, United
States)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">William E. Connolly,</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in"> (Johns Hopkins
University, United States)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Yahya Madra</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, (Boğaziçi University,
Turkey)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Yasmine Farouk</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, (Faculty of Economics
and Political Science, Cairo University)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Yasser Khanjar</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, (Poet, Ex political
prisoner in Israeli Prisons, Occupied Golan, Syria)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Yasser Munif</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, (Emerson College,
Syria/ United States)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Yassin el-Haj Saleh</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in"> (Intellectual,
Syria)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Yazan Louai Al-Saadi</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, (Journalist,
Al-Akhbar English, Lebanon) </span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Youssef Fakhr el-Din, </span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">(Journalist,
Syria/ Palestine)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Yusef Khalil</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, (Activist, United
States/Lebanon)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Yveline, Delacroix,</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in"> (Activist,
France)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Zaïneb Ben Lagha</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, (Université de
la Sorbonne Nouvelle, France)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Zeinab Abul-Magd</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in"> (Oberlin College,
United States/ Egypt)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Zena Hallak,</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in"> (Tunisia)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Zeynep Inanc</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">, (United States)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Ziad Majed</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in"> (American University
of Paris, Lebanon/ France)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.5pt;background:white;vertical-align:baseline">
<b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in">Ziauddin Sardar</span></b><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:inherit;color:#4F4F4F;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in"> (Intellectual,
Pakistan/ United Kingdom)</span><span style="font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:#4F4F4F"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><span style="color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><span style="color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><span style="color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma",sans-serif">From:</span></b><span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma",sans-serif"> Radical Philosophy Association [<a href="mailto:RPA-LIST@LISTSERV.UTK.EDU">mailto:RPA-LIST@LISTSERV.UTK.EDU</a>]
<b>On Behalf Of </b>Mitchel Cohen<br>
<b>Sent:</b> Wednesday, August 14, 2013 9:30 AM<br>
<b>To:</b> <a href="mailto:RPA-LIST@LISTSERV.UTK.EDU">RPA-LIST@LISTSERV.UTK.EDU</a><br>
<b>Subject:</b> [RPA-LIST] Jean Bricmont: The Wishful Thinking Left<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:12.0pt;margin-left:.5in">
<a href="http://www.counterpunch.org/2013/08/14/the-wishful-thinking-left/print">http://www.counterpunch.org/2013/08/14/the-wishful-thinking-left/print<br>
<br>
</a>August 14, 2013<br>
<br>
The Unwitting Agents of the Imperial Order<br>
<b><span style="font-size:24.0pt">The Wishful Thinking Left<br>
<br>
</span>by JEAN BRICMONT<br>
<br>
</b><i>Louvain, Belgium.<br>
<br>
</i>Once upon a time, in the early 1970s, many people, including myself, thought that all the "struggles" of that period were linked: the Cultural Revolution in China, the guerillas in Latin America, the Prague Spring and the East European "dissidents", May
68, the civil rights movement, the opposition to the Vietnam war, and the nominally socialist anti-colonial movements in Africa and Asia. We also thought that the "fascist" regimes in Spain, Portugal and Greece, by analogy with WWII, could only be overthrown
through armed struggle, very likely protracted.<br>
<br>
None of these assumptions were correct. The Cultural Revolution had nothing to do with the anti-authoritarian movements in the West, the Eastern European dissidents were, in general, pro-capitalist and pro-imperialist, and often fanatically so, the Latin American
guerrillas were a pipe dream (except in Central America) and the national liberation movements were just that: they (quite rightly) aimed at national liberation and called themselves socialist or communist only because of the support offered to them by the
Soviet Union or China. The southern European "fascist" regimes transformed themselves without offering a serious resistance, let alone an armed struggle. Many other authoritarian regimes followed suit: in Eastern Europe, in Latin America, in Indonesia, Africa
and now in part of the Arab world. Some collapsed from inside, other crumbled after a few demonstrations.<br>
<br>
I was reminded of these youthful illusions when I read a petition "in solidarity with the millions of Syrians who have been struggling for dignity and freedom since March 2011", whose list of signatories includes a veritable who's who of the Western Left. The
petition claims that "The revolution in Syria is a fundamental part of the North African revolutions, yet it is also an extension of the Zapatista revolt in Mexico, the landless movement in Brazil, the European and North American revolts against neoliberal
exploitation, and an echo of Iranian, Russian and Chinese movements for freedom."<br>
<br>
The signatories of course demand the immediate departure from power of Bashar al-Assad, which is supposed to be the only "hope for a free, unified, and independent Syria". They also characterize Russia, China and Iran as standing "in support of the slaughter
of people", although they are "allegedly friends of the Arabs"; they acknowledge that "the U.S. and its Gulf allies have intervened in support of the revolutionaries", but blame them for "having done so with a clear cynical self-interest" and trying to "crush
and subvert the uprising". It is not clear how this squares with the next line of the text, which claims that "regional and world powers have left the Syrian people alone".<br>
<br>
The upshot of the petition consists in grandiose claims of "solidarity" from "intellectuals, academics, activists, artists, concerned citizens and social movements", "with the Syrian people to emphasize the revolutionary dimension of their struggle and to prevent
the geopolitical battles and proxy wars taking place in their country." Nothing less!<br>
<br>
This petition is worth analyzing in detail, because it nicely summarizes everything that is wrong in today's mainstream leftist thinking and it both illustrates and explains why there is no Left left in the West. The same sort of thinking dominated the Western
Left's thinking during the Kosovo and the Libyan wars, and to some extent during the wars in Afghanistan ("solidarity with Afghan women") and Iraq ("they will be better off without Saddam").<br>
<br>
First of all, the presentation of the facts about Syria is very doubtful. I am no expert on Syria, but if the people are so united against the regime, how come that it has resisted for so long? There have been relatively few defections in the army or in the
diplomatic and political personnel. Given that the majority of Syrians are Sunnis and that the regime is constantly depicted as relying on the support of the "Alawi sect", something must be wanting in that narrative about Syria.<br>
<br>
Next, like it or not, the actions of "Russia, China and Iran" in Syria have been in accordance with international law, unlike those of the "U.S. and its Gulf allies". From the viewpoint of international law, the current government of Syria is legitimate and
responding to its request for help is perfectly legal, while arming rebels is not. Of course, the leftists who sign the petition would probably object to that aspect of international law, because it favors governments over insurgents. But just imagine the
chaos that would be created if every Great Power was arming the rebels of its choice all over the world. One could deplore the selling of arms to "dictatorships", but the U.S. is hardly in a position to lecture the world on that topic.<br>
<br>
Moreover, it is "Russia and China" who have, by their vote at the UN prevented another U.S. intervention, like the one in Libya, which the Western Left, opposed very lukewarmly, if at all. In fact, given that U.S. used the U.N. Resolution on Libya to carry
out a regime change that the resolution did not authorize, isn't it natural that Russia and China feel that they were taken for a ride in Libya and say: "never again!"?<br>
<br>
The petition sees the events in Syria as an "extension of the Zapatista revolt in Mexico, the landless movement in Brazil, the European and North American revolts against neoliberal exploitation, and an echo of Iranian, Russian and Chinese movements for freedom.",
but they are careful not to link them to the anti-imperialist governments in Latin America, since the latter stand squarely against foreign interventions and for the respect of national sovereignty.<br>
<br>
Finally, what should make anybody think that the "immediate" departure of Bashar al-Assad would lead to a "free, unified and independent Syria"? Aren't the examples of Iraq and Libya enough to cast some doubts on such optimistic pronouncements?<br>
<br>
That brings us to a second problem with the petition, which is its tendency towards revolutionary romanticism. The present-day Western Left is the first to denounce the "Stalinist" regimes of the past, including those of Mao, Kim Il Sung or Pol Pot. But do
they forget that Lenin fought against tsarism, Stalin against Hitler, Mao against the Kuomintang, Kim Il Sung against the Japanese and that the last two ones, as well as Pol Pot, fought against the U.S.? If history should have thought us anything, it is that
struggling against oppression does not necessarily turn you into a saint. And given that so many violent revolutions of the past have turned sour, what reason is there to believe that the "revolution" in Syria, increasingly taken over by religious fanatics,
will emerge as a shining example of freedom and democracy?<br>
<br>
There have been repeated offers of negotiations by "Russia, China and Iran", as well as from the "Assad regime" with the opposition as well as with its sponsors (the "U.S. and its Gulf allies"). Shouldn't one give peace and diplomacy a chance? The "Syrian regime"
has modified its constitution; why be so certain that this cannot lead a "democratic future", while a violent revolution can? Shouldn't one give reform a chance?<br>
<br>
However, the main defect of this petition, as well as with similar appeals from the humanitarian interventionist Left in the past, is: to whom are they talking? The rebels in Syria want as many sophisticated weapons as possible- no signatory of the petition
can deliver them, and it is hard to see how the "global civil society, not ineffective and manipulative governments" can do it. Those rebels want
<i>Western governments</i> to provide them with such weapons-they couldn't care less what the Western Left thinks. And those Western government hardly know that the wishful thinking Left even exists. And if they did, why would they listen to people with no
serious popular support, and so no means of pressuring governments? The best proof of that is given by the cause to which so many signatories have devoted a good part of their lives: Palestine. Which Western government pays any attention to the demands of
the "Palestine solidarity movement"?<br>
<br>
Just because the petition has no effect in Syria does not mean that it has no effect
<i>tout court</i>. It weakens and confuses what is left of antiwar sentiments, by stressing that "our" priority must be empty gestures of solidarity with a rebellion that is already militarily supported by the West. Once this mindset is acquired, it becomes
psychologically difficult to oppose U.S. intervention in the internal affairs of Syria, since intervention is precisely what the revolutionaries that we must "support" want (apparently, they have not noticed, unlike the petitioners, that the West wants to
"crush and subvert the uprising"). Of course, defenders of the petition will say that they don't "support" the more violent extremists in Syria, but who exactly are they supporting then, and how? Moreover, the false impression that the "world powers have left
the Syrian people alone" (while, in fact, there is a constant flood of arms and jihadists into Syria) comes partly from the fact that the U.S. is not foolish enough to risk a World War, given that Russia seems to mean what it says in this affair. The thought
that we might be on the brink of a World War never seems to occur to the petitioners.<br>
<br>
Defenders of the petition will probably say that "we" must denounce both U.S. imperialism
<i>and</i> the oppressive regimes against which the "people" revolt. But that only shows the depth of their delusions: why claim doing two things at once, when one is not capable of doing either, even partly?<br>
<br>
If such petitions are worse than doing nothing, what should the Left do? First of all, mind its own business, which means struggling at home. This is a lot harder than expressing a meaningless solidarity with people in faraway lands. And struggling for what?
Peace through demilitarization of the West, a non-interventionist policy, and putting diplomacy, not military threats, at the center of international relations. Incidentally, a non-interventionist policy is advocated by the libertarians and by the paleoconservative
Right. This fact, plus invocation of pre-World War II history (the Spanish civil war, the Munich agreements), is constantly used by the Left to give anti-interventionism a bad name. But this is silly: Hitler is not really being constantly resurrected, and
there are no serious military threats faced by the West. In the present situation, it is a perfectly legitimate concern of American citizens to cut back the costs of Empire.<br>
<br>
In fact, it would be perfectly possible to set up a broad Left-Right coalition of people opposed to militarism and interventionism. Of course, within that coalition, people might still disagree on Gay marriage but, important as this issue may be, it should
perhaps not prevent us from working together on issues that might also seem important to some people, such as World peace, the defense of the U.N. and of international law, and the dismantling of the U.S. empire of bases. Besides, it is not unlikely that a
majority of the American public could be gained to such positions if sustained and well organized campaigns were set up to persuade them.<br>
<br>
But of course, the spirit of the petition goes exactly in the opposite direction, towards more U.S. involvement and interventions. Many signatories certainly think of themselves as anti-imperialists and pro-peace, and some of them have had an important role
in opposing previous U.S. wars. But they do not seem to have noticed that the tactics of imperialism have changed since the days of the national liberation movements. Now, that decolonization is complete (with the exception of Palestine), the U.S. is attacking
<i>governments,</i> not revolutionary movements, that are considered to be too independent. And, in order to do that, they use a variety of means that are similar
<i>in their tactics</i> to the revolutionary or progressive movements of the past: armed struggle, civil disobedience, government funded "N"GO's, colored revolutions, etc.<br>
<br>
The latest example of these tactics is the attempt by Western governments to use the LGBT community as ideological storm troopers against Russia and the Winter Olympics, in a transparent effort to deflect public attention from the embarrassing fact that, in
the Snowden affair, it is Russia and not the U.S. that is on the side of freedom. It is to be feared that the humanitarian interventionist Left will jump on the bandwagon of this new crusade. Yet, as Gilad Atzmon has pointed out, with his usual slightly provocative
style, it is unlikely that this will do any good to the LGBT community in Russia, since this sort of support allows their opponents to brand them as bearers of foreign influence. It is not a good idea for any minority, anywhere in the world, to be seen as
agents of a foreign power, and least of all, of a government so hated for its arrogance and its interventionism as the present U.S. administration. And incidentally, the people who call for boycott of the Winter games in Russia had no objection to holding
the Olympic games in London, which implies that, in their eyes, taking anti-gay measures is a serious crime, whereas wars in Afghanistan and Iraq are mere peccadillos.<br>
<br>
People who succumb to the illusions of revolutionary romanticism or who side with the apparent underdog, regardless of the underdog's agenda, are being taken in by the tactics of present-day imperialism. But those who aspire to a more peaceful and more just
world order, and who think that a precondition of this order is the weakening of U.S. imperialism, easily see through this camouflage. These two different world views divide both the Left and the Right: liberal interventionists and neoconservatives on one
side, libertarians, paleoconservatives and traditional leftists on the other, and it may call for new and heterodox alliances.<br>
<br>
------------------------------------------<br>
<b><i>JEAN BRICMONT</i></b><i> teaches physics at the University of Louvain in Belgium. He is author of
</i>Humanitarian Imperialism<i>. He can be reached at </i><a href="mailto:Jean.Bricmont@uclouvain.be">Jean.Bricmont@uclouvain.be</a><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial Black",sans-serif;color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial Black",sans-serif;color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial Black",sans-serif;color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><i><span style="font-family:"Arial Black",sans-serif;color:black">Francis A. Boyle<o:p></o:p></span></i></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><i><span style="font-family:"Arial Black",sans-serif;color:black">Law Building<o:p></o:p></span></i></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><i><span style="font-family:"Arial Black",sans-serif;color:black">504 E. Pennsylvania Ave.<o:p></o:p></span></i></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><i><span style="font-family:"Arial Black",sans-serif;color:black">Champaign, IL 61820 USA<o:p></o:p></span></i></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><i><span style="font-family:"Arial Black",sans-serif;color:black">217-333-7954 (phone)<o:p></o:p></span></i></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><i><span style="font-family:"Arial Black",sans-serif;color:black">217-244-1478 (fax)<o:p></o:p></span></i></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><i><u><span style="font-family:"Arial Black",sans-serif;color:black">(personal comments only)<o:p></o:p></span></u></i></b></p>
</div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial Black",sans-serif;color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p>
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<div style="border:none;border-top:solid #E1E1E1 1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0in 0in 0in">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><b><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">From:</span></b><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"> Karen Aram [mailto:karenaram@hotmail.com]
<br>
<b>Sent:</b> Monday, October 9, 2017 9:46 AM<br>
<b>To:</b> Boyle, Francis A <fboyle@illinois.edu><br>
<b>Cc:</b> Estabrook, Carl G <galliher@illinois.edu>; Peace-discuss List <Peace-discuss@lists.chambana.net>; prairiegreens@lists.chambana.net; Peace <peace@anti-war.net><br>
<b>Subject:</b> Re: [Peace-discuss] [Peace] Trump's defeat by the political establishment leads to war<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
</div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in">Exactly, when speaking with those opposed to war, any initial exhilaration I feel at hearing their opposition, is immediately dashed when they assume, its all about Trump and we need to get rid of him, and get
a Democrat in power, or a third party candidate, Bernie. <o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><o:p> </o:p></p>
</div>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in">I control my need to ask, where have you been for over eight years now, by pointing out Bush put us into 2 wars, Obama extended those to now 7. <o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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<blockquote style="margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt">
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in">On Oct 9, 2017, at 07:14, Boyle, Francis A <<a href="mailto:fboyle@illinois.edu">fboyle@illinois.edu</a>> wrote:<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><b><span style="font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial Black",sans-serif">And I would add that Amy Badman is typical for what passes for most of the American “left” these days—warmongers. Fab.</span></b><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><b><span style="font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial Black",sans-serif"> </span></b><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><b><i><span style="font-family:"Arial Black",sans-serif">Francis A. Boyle</span></i></b><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><b><i><span style="font-family:"Arial Black",sans-serif">Law Building</span></i></b><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><b><i><span style="font-family:"Arial Black",sans-serif">504 E. Pennsylvania Ave.</span></i></b><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><b><i><span style="font-family:"Arial Black",sans-serif">Champaign, IL 61820 USA</span></i></b><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><b><i><span style="font-family:"Arial Black",sans-serif">217-333-7954 (phone)</span></i></b><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><b><i><span style="font-family:"Arial Black",sans-serif">217-244-1478 (fax)</span></i></b><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><b><i><u><span style="font-family:"Arial Black",sans-serif">(personal comments only)</span></u></i></b><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><b><span style="font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial Black",sans-serif"> </span></b><o:p></o:p></p>
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<div style="margin-left:.5in">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><b><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">From:</span></b><span class="apple-converted-space"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"> </span></span><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">Boyle,
Francis A<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><br>
<b>Sent:</b><span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>Monday, October 9, 2017 8:05 AM<br>
<b>To:</b><span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>Karen Aram <<a href="mailto:karenaram@hotmail.com">karenaram@hotmail.com</a>><br>
<b>Cc:</b><span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>Estabrook, Carl G <<a href="mailto:galliher@illinois.edu">galliher@illinois.edu</a>>; Peace-discuss List <<a href="mailto:Peace-discuss@lists.chambana.net">Peace-discuss@lists.chambana.net</a>>;
<a href="mailto:prairiegreens@lists.chambana.net">prairiegreens@lists.chambana.net</a>; Peace <<a href="mailto:peace@anti-war.net">peace@anti-war.net</a>><br>
<b>Subject:</b><span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>RE: [Peace-discuss] [Peace] Trump's defeat by the political establishment leads to war</span><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
</div>
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<div style="margin-left:.5in">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"> <o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><b><span style="font-size:16.0pt;font-family:"Arial Black",sans-serif;color:#1F497D">Ditto for Amy Badman on Syria. Fab.</span></b><o:p></o:p></p>
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<div style="margin-left:.5in">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><b><span style="font-size:16.0pt;font-family:"Arial Black",sans-serif;color:#1F497D"> </span></b><o:p></o:p></p>
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<div style="margin-left:.5in">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><b><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D">Francis A. Boyle</span></b><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div style="margin-left:.5in">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><b><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D">Law Building</span></b><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<div style="margin-left:.5in">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><b><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D">504 E. Pennsylvania Ave.</span></b><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><b><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D">Champaign IL 61820 USA</span></b><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><b><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D">217-333-7954 (phone)</span></b><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><b><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D">217-244-1478 (fax)</span></b><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><b><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D">(personal comments only</span></b><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D">)</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><b><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">From:</span></b><span class="apple-converted-space"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"> </span></span><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">Karen
Aram [<a href="mailto:karenaram@hotmail.com"><span style="color:purple">mailto:karenaram@hotmail.com</span></a>]<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><br>
<b>Sent:</b><span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>Monday, October 09, 2017 7:42 AM<br>
<b>To:</b><span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>Boyle, Francis A <<a href="mailto:fboyle@illinois.edu"><span style="color:purple">fboyle@illinois.edu</span></a>><br>
<b>Cc:</b><span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>Estabrook, Carl G <<a href="mailto:galliher@illinois.edu"><span style="color:purple">galliher@illinois.edu</span></a>>; Peace-discuss List <<a href="mailto:Peace-discuss@lists.chambana.net"><span style="color:purple">Peace-discuss@lists.chambana.net</span></a>>;<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="mailto:prairiegreens@lists.chambana.net"><span style="color:purple">prairiegreens@lists.chambana.net</span></a>;
Peace <<a href="mailto:peace@anti-war.net"><span style="color:purple">peace@anti-war.net</span></a>><br>
<b>Subject:</b><span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>Re: [Peace-discuss] [Peace] Trump's defeat by the political establishment leads to war</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in">I wasn’t aware of Amy’s support for Libyan intervention at the time, but given her take on Syria of recent, I no longer pay attention to DN when it comes to foreign policy. <o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in">Trump, also supported intervention in Libya, accusing Gaddafi of murdering thousands. <o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in">Its’ time people recognize that anything anyone says when running for office, especially as regards foreign policy, should be ignored. Foreign policy is set in stone, and has been for decades by the various groups
who run our government. NSA, CIA, CFR, Pentagon, State Dept., and the many contractors who profit from war, own the DNC and GOP. The only difference in either party or groups holding power is strategy and tactics, and their only concern is “power”. There is
no difference in the goal of perpetual war and containment of China and Russia. Containment of these two powerful, nuclear armed nations will ultimately lead to WW3.<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in">Only the American people standing up to government through solidarity and civil resistance can bring about change and progress. Many Americans are organizing against the government now, but they aren’t united, and
they aren’t focused on those who possess power. We need total system change. <o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in">On Oct 9, 2017, at 04:56, Boyle, Francis A via Peace-discuss <<a href="mailto:peace-discuss@lists.chambana.net"><span style="color:purple">peace-discuss@lists.chambana.net</span></a>> wrote:<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in">– even “Democracy Now!” reported that...<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in">Yeah well Amy Badman fully supported Obama’s unconstitutional war against Libya for eight months that killed about 50,000 Muslims/Arabs/Africans of Color, Men, Women and Children, destroyed Libya as a State and
turned Libya into Somalia on the Med, along with her Boy Toy Juan Cole of UMichigan, a reported CIA Asset. Fab.<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><b><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D">Francis A. Boyle</span></b><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><b><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D">Law Building</span></b><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><b><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D">504 E. Pennsylvania Ave.</span></b><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><b><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D">Champaign IL 61820 USA</span></b><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><b><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D">217-333-7954 (phone)</span></b><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><b><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D">217-244-1478 (fax)</span></b><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><b><span style="font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D">(personal comments only</span></b><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;color:#1F497D">)</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><b><span style="font-size:16.0pt;font-family:"Arial Black",sans-serif;color:#1F497D"> </span></b><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><b><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">From:</span></b><span class="apple-converted-space"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"> </span></span><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">Peace
[<a href="mailto:peace-bounces@lists.chambana.net"><span style="color:purple">mailto:peace-bounces@lists.chambana.net</span></a>]<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><b>On Behalf Of<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span></b>Carl G. Estabrook via
Peace<br>
<b>Sent:</b><span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>Monday, October 09, 2017 4:48 AM<br>
<b>To:</b><span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>Estabrook, Carl G <<a href="mailto:galliher@illinois.edu"><span style="color:purple">galliher@illinois.edu</span></a>><br>
<b>Cc:</b><span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>Peace-discuss List <<a href="mailto:Peace-discuss@lists.chambana.net"><span style="color:purple">Peace-discuss@lists.chambana.net</span></a>>;<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="mailto:prairiegreens@lists.chambana.net"><span style="color:purple">prairiegreens@lists.chambana.net</span></a>;
Peace <<a href="mailto:peace@anti-war.net"><span style="color:purple">peace@anti-war.net</span></a>><br>
<b>Subject:</b><span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>[Peace] Trump's defeat by the political establishment leads to war</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in">Trump/Bannon’s America First policy put the interests of the immiserated middle class ahead of those of globalizing corporations. The political establishment (including - but not limited to - the Obama-Clinton administration)
couldn’t stand that. So they destroyed it, to further their long-standing policies to retard the economic development of Eurasia, seen as a threat to the US one-percent’s profits. They’re wiling to kill a lot of people to do that.<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in">"Americans pushed into pro-war frenzy by elite-controlled MSM & NATO”: <<a href="https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__www.rt.com_usa_406059-2Dmsm-2Dnato-2Damericans-2Dwar-2Dsupport_&d=DwMFaQ&c=8hUWFZcy2Z-Za5rBPlktOQ&r=iioab8BLQ6IJxt-3gLhYzf1aAvTbGVgzPJj9W_0ugn0&m=fx941YGuFXhPiboclUgMtQvGyjblE2AW-UmV13K9co4&s=BcnN-XIETCRkksZRkZwTU59kLI4n8ZWM9v--64GXJAc&e="><span style="color:purple">https://www.rt.com/usa/406059-msm-nato-americans-war-support/</span></a>>:<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in">...the failure of Donald Trump’s America First policy ... Trump has done a pretty horrible job selling his policy. There was a non-interventionist component that he campaigned on, which proved pretty popular, particularly
in places like the Rust Belt.<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in">...these numbers ... started to shift when the election campaign began. They reflect a concerted campaign by the mainstream media and by the national security state, which has unprecedented access and control over
mainstream media – particularly CNN and MSNBC – to bring the American public’s views in line with the elites’ [views] of our interventionist bipartisan foreign policy consensus in Washington. Two years of non-stop red-baiting, Russia hysteria, and fearmongering
over North Korea have done the trick, particularly among Democrats.<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in">...liberals tend to support interventionist policies at higher rates than even Republicans...<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in">From 2015 to this summer we saw a 20 percent surge in the number of Americans who would support sending troops to defend South Korea. We also see, for the first time in history, a majority of Americans willing to
send US troops to fight and die for Latvia against Russia, and that is a reflection of their support for NATO.<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in">Liberals disproportionately support these militaristic policies, which seem to suggest support for a hot war with Russia, and even hot war with China. It would be disastrous if they took place. So why didn’t that
take place? Because of the partisan war against Trump, who has been portrayed as an enemy of NATO – even though he is now as supportive of NATO as ever; as someone who is a Manchurian candidate of Russia, who is controlled by Putin’s nine-dimensional chess
and has colluded with Russia. So, Democrats tend to see Russia in a negative light, and they support interventionist policies.<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in">But if you also look at CNN and MSNBC versus Fox News, which is the de-facto channel of the Republican Party and Trump, you see non-stop contributors from the national security state – like James Clapper, Michael
Hayden, the former CIA director – pushing these kinds of militaristic policies. So, these are the channels that Democrats watch. Their media, including the Washington Post and the New York Times, has really stepped up the fearmongering and militarism.<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in">So, you see a total reversal from the Bush period, the Bush era – when Democrats were staunchly against the Iraq war, because it was Bush’s war. And now you see the people that are against guns that are against
mass shooting – favoring pointing guns and committing mass shootings abroad... <o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in">In 2014, Victoria Nuland, Assistant Secretary of State, wife of the neo-conservative Robert Kagan, said that Americans were ready to fight and die for Latvia. That wasn’t true at the time. Now it is. These attitudes
have been manufactured.<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in">They’ve been partly manufactured by NATO propaganda. We heard at lot – especially on CNN from figures like Jake Tapper, “Deep State Jake,” who almost every show is pushing regime change in one of the non-compliant
states. We heard a lot about the Zapad [West] military exercises, thinking Romania, where Russia was said to have amassed 100,000 troops on NATO borders – even “Democracy Now!” reported that...<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><span style="font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif">_______________________________________________<br>
Peace-discuss mailing list<br>
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</span><a href="https://lists.chambana.net/mailman/listinfo/peace-discuss"><span style="font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Helvetica",sans-serif;color:purple">https://lists.chambana.net/mailman/listinfo/peace-discuss</span></a><o:p></o:p></p>
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