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<p class="MsoNormal">RIP: Phil Berrigan. Fab.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:12.0pt"><img width="234" height="329" style="width:2.4375in;height:3.4305in" id="_x0000_i1027" src="cid:image001.jpg@01D3BC4D.A363D990" alt="Boylebookemail.JPG"><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial Black",sans-serif;color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial Black",sans-serif;color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><b><i><span style="font-family:"Arial Black",sans-serif;color:black">Francis A. Boyle<o:p></o:p></span></i></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><i><span style="font-family:"Arial Black",sans-serif;color:black">Law Building<o:p></o:p></span></i></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><i><span style="font-family:"Arial Black",sans-serif;color:black">504 E. Pennsylvania Ave.<o:p></o:p></span></i></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><i><span style="font-family:"Arial Black",sans-serif;color:black">Champaign, IL 61820 USA<o:p></o:p></span></i></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><i><span style="font-family:"Arial Black",sans-serif;color:black">217-333-7954 (phone)<o:p></o:p></span></i></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><i><span style="font-family:"Arial Black",sans-serif;color:black">217-244-1478 (fax)<o:p></o:p></span></i></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><i><u><span style="font-family:"Arial Black",sans-serif;color:black">(personal comments only)<o:p></o:p></span></u></i></b></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial Black",sans-serif;color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><b><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">From:</span></b><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"> Boyle, Francis A
<br>
<b>Sent:</b> Thursday, March 15, 2018 9:22 AM<br>
<b>To:</b> 'Karen Aram' <karenaram@hotmail.com>; Roger Helbig <rwhelbig@gmail.com><br>
<b>Cc:</b> Peace-discuss <Peace-discuss@lists.chambana.net><br>
<b>Subject:</b> RE: [Peace-discuss] FW: Bush Convicted of War Crimes in Absentia<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><b><span style="font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial Black",sans-serif;color:black">For the record once again, Doug Rokke and I helped defend Phil Berrigan and the Depleted Uranium Plowshares from criminal prosecution.
Starting out with 40 years, at the end of a Kangaroo Court Proceeding, Phil and the rest of them got 2. Fab.<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><b><span style="font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial Black",sans-serif;color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><b><i><span style="font-family:"Arial Black",sans-serif;color:black">Francis A. Boyle<o:p></o:p></span></i></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><b><i><span style="font-family:"Arial Black",sans-serif;color:black">Law Building<o:p></o:p></span></i></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><b><i><span style="font-family:"Arial Black",sans-serif;color:black">504 E. Pennsylvania Ave.<o:p></o:p></span></i></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><b><i><span style="font-family:"Arial Black",sans-serif;color:black">Champaign, IL 61820 USA<o:p></o:p></span></i></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><b><i><span style="font-family:"Arial Black",sans-serif;color:black">217-333-7954 (phone)<o:p></o:p></span></i></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><b><i><span style="font-family:"Arial Black",sans-serif;color:black">217-244-1478 (fax)<o:p></o:p></span></i></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><b><i><u><span style="font-family:"Arial Black",sans-serif;color:black">(personal comments only)<o:p></o:p></span></u></i></b></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><b><span style="font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial Black",sans-serif;color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1.0in"><b><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">From:</span></b><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"> Karen Aram <<a href="mailto:karenaram@hotmail.com">karenaram@hotmail.com</a>>
<br>
<b>Sent:</b> Thursday, March 15, 2018 8:26 AM<br>
<b>To:</b> Roger Helbig <<a href="mailto:rwhelbig@gmail.com">rwhelbig@gmail.com</a>><br>
<b>Cc:</b> Boyle, Francis A <<a href="mailto:fboyle@illinois.edu">fboyle@illinois.edu</a>>; Peace-discuss <<a href="mailto:Peace-discuss@lists.chambana.net">Peace-discuss@lists.chambana.net</a>><br>
<b>Subject:</b> Re: [Peace-discuss] FW: Bush Convicted of War Crimes in Absentia<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
</div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1.0in"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1.0in">Roger <o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1.0in"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1.0in">Even if your cover, as an “agent provocateur on social media” or rather “hired troll,” the preferred term these days, had not been blown by Counterpunch recently, It’s so obvious given your form of countering arguments
is to personally attack the messenger. Always a sign that one lacks evidence to back up their argument. Your personal animosity towards Mr. Rokke, who is not on our Discuss List to defend himself, whoever, wherever he maybe, is a continuing nuisance, which
leads me to question why we continue to have so many “war supporters” and “trolls” on this “Peace Discuss List?” <o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1.0in"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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<blockquote style="margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt">
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1.0in">On Mar 15, 2018, at 03:18, Roger Helbig via Peace-discuss <<a href="mailto:peace-discuss@lists.chambana.net">peace-discuss@lists.chambana.net</a>> wrote:<o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1.0in"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1.0in">Kangaroo courts have zero jurisdiction anywhere. Malaysia has routinely had these sham trials. If you were a real lawyer, who dealt in evidence, you would pick their evidence and witnesses apart instead of pushing
out their sham judgments. You have a law degree and even teach the stuff so you should occasionally dig out your basic evidence texts. I know that prior sham trials here had witnesses who were total frauds. Leuren K Moret was a witness. She's a pal of
your buddy Douglas Lind Rokke (I use his full name deliberately because he is a criminal who should have been convicted for perjury years ago) so you probably would buy into her lies too. If you had your evidence hat on, though, you would know that she is
totally pretend, just like Rokke. <o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1.0in"><o:p> </o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1.0in">Roger W Helbig<o:p></o:p></p>
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</div>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1.0in"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:1.0in">On Wed, Mar 14, 2018 at 1:26 PM, Boyle, Francis A via Peace-discuss <<a href="mailto:peace-discuss@lists.chambana.net" target="_blank">peace-discuss@lists.chambana.net</a>> wrote:<o:p></o:p></p>
<blockquote style="border:none;border-left:solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt;padding:0in 0in 0in 6.0pt;margin-left:4.8pt;margin-top:5.0pt;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:5.0pt">
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<b><span style="font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial Black",sans-serif"> </span></b><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:1.0in">
<b><span style="font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial Black",sans-serif"> </span></b><o:p></o:p></p>
<div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:1.0in">
<b><i><span style="font-family:"Arial Black",sans-serif">Francis A. Boyle</span></i></b><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:1.0in">
<b><i><span style="font-family:"Arial Black",sans-serif">Law Building</span></i></b><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:1.0in">
<b><i><span style="font-family:"Arial Black",sans-serif">504 E. Pennsylvania Ave.</span></i></b><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:1.0in">
<b><i><span style="font-family:"Arial Black",sans-serif">Champaign, IL 61820 USA</span></i></b><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:1.0in">
<b><i><span style="font-family:"Arial Black",sans-serif"><a href="tel:(217)%20333-7954" target="_blank">217-333-7954</a> (phone)</span></i></b><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:1.0in">
<b><i><span style="font-family:"Arial Black",sans-serif"><a href="tel:(217)%20244-1478" target="_blank">217-244-1478</a> (fax)</span></i></b><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:1.0in">
<b><i><u><span style="font-family:"Arial Black",sans-serif">(personal comments only)</span></u></i></b><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;margin-left:1.0in">
<b><span style="font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial Black",sans-serif"> </span></b><o:p></o:p></p>
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<b><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">From:</span></b><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"> The Wisdom Fund <<a href="mailto:listserve@twf.org" target="_blank">listserve@twf.org</a>>
<br>
<b>Sent:</b> Wednesday, May 23, 2012 5:16 PM<br>
<b>To:</b> Boyle, Francis A <<a href="mailto:fboyle@illinois.edu" target="_blank">fboyle@illinois.edu</a>><br>
<b>Subject:</b> Bush Convicted of War Crimes in Absentia</span><o:p></o:p></p>
</div>
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<blockquote style="margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">May 12, 2012<br>
Foreign Policy Journal </span><o:p></o:p></p>
<h2><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#1E396C">Bush Convicted of War Crimes in Absentia</span><o:p></o:p></h2>
<blockquote style="margin-top:5.0pt;margin-bottom:5.0pt">
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">by Yvonne Ridley
</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">In what is the first ever conviction of its kind anywhere in the world, the former US President and seven key members of his administration
were yesterday (Fri) found guilty of war crimes. </span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">Bush, Dick Cheney, Donald Rumsfeld and their legal advisers Alberto Gonzales, David Addington, William Haynes, Jay Bybee and John Yoo
were tried in absentia in Malaysia. </span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">The trial held in Kuala Lumpur heard harrowing witness accounts from victims of torture who suffered at the hands of US soldiers and
contractors in Iraq and Afghanistan. </span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">They included testimony from British man Moazzam Begg, an ex-Guantanamo detainee and Iraqi woman Jameelah Abbas Hameedi who was tortured
in the notorious Abu Ghraib prison. </span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">At the end of the week-long hearing, the five-panel tribunal unanimously delivered guilty verdicts against Bush, Cheney, Rumsfeld and
their key legal advisors who were all convicted as war criminals for torture and cruel, inhumane and degrading treatment.
</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">Full transcripts of the charges, witness statements and other relevant material will now be sent to the Chief Prosecutor of the International
Criminal Court, as well as the United Nations and the Security Council. </span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">The Kuala Lumpur War Crimes Commission is also asking that the names of Bush, Cheney, Rumsfeld, Gonzales, Yoo, Bybee, Addington and
Haynes be entered and included in the Commission's Register of War Criminals for public record.
</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">The tribunal is the initiative of Malaysia's retired Prime Minister Mahathir Mohamad, who staunchly opposed the American-led invasion
of Iraq in 2003. </span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">He sat through the entire hearing as it took personal statements and testimonies of three witnesses namely Abbas Abid, Moazzam Begg
and Jameelah Hameedi. The tribunal also heard two other Statutory Declarations of Iraqi citizen Ali Shalal and Rahul Ahmed, another British citizen.
</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">After the guilty verdict reached by five senior judges was delivered, Mahathir Mohamad said: "Powerful countries are getting away with
murder." </span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">War crimes expert and lawyer Francis Boyle, professor of international law at the University of Illinois College of Law in America,
was part of the prosecution team. </span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">After the case he said: "This is the first conviction of these people anywhere in the world."
</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">While the hearing is regarded by some as being purely symbolic, human rights activist Boyle said he was hopeful that Bush and Co could
soon find themselves facing similar trials elsewhere in the world. </span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">"We tried three times to get Bush in Canada but were thwarted by the Canadian Government, then we scared Bush out of going to Switzerland.
The Spanish attempt failed because of the government there and the same happened in Germany."
</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">Boyle then referenced the Nuremberg Charter which was used as the format for the tribunal when asked about the credibility of the initiative
in Malaysia. He quoted: "Leaders, organizers, instigators and accomplices participating in the formulation or execution of a common plan or conspiracy to commit war crimes are responsible for all acts performed by any person in execution of such a plan."
</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">The US is subject to customary international law and to the Principles of the Nuremberg Charter said Boyle who also believes the week-long
trial was "almost certainly" being monitored closely by both Pentagon and White House officials.
</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">Professor Gurdial Singh Nijar, who headed the prosecution said: "The tribunal was very careful to adhere scrupulously to the regulations
drawn up by the Nuremberg courts and the International Criminal Courts". </span>
<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">He added that he was optimistic the tribunal would be followed up elsewhere in the world where "countries have a duty to try war criminals"
and he cited the case of the former Chilean dictator Augustine Pinochet who was arrested in Britain to be extradited to Spain on charges of war crimes.
</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">"Pinochet was only eight years out of his presidency when that happened."
</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">The Pinochet case was the first time that several European judges applied the principle of universal jurisdiction, declaring themselves
competent to judge crimes committed by former heads of state, despite local amnesty laws.
</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">Throughout the week the tribunal was packed with legal experts and law students as witnesses gave testimony and then cross examination
by the defence led by lawyer Jason Kay Kit Leon. </span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">The court heard how
</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">- Abbas Abid, a 48-year-old engineer from Fallujah in Iraq had his fingernails removed by pliers.
</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">- Ali Shalal was attached with bare electrical wires and electrocuted and hung from a wall.
</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">- Moazzam Begg was beaten, hooded and put in solitary confinement.
</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">- Jameelah was stripped and humiliated, and was used as a human shield whilst being transported by helicopter.
</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">The witnesses also detailed how they have residual injuries till today.
</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">Moazzam Begg, now working as a director for the London-based human rights group Cageprisoners said he was delighted with the verdict,
but added: "When people talk about Nuremberg you have to remember those tried were all prosecuted after the war.
</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">"Right now Guantanamo is still open, people are still being held there and are still being tortured there."
</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">In response to questions about the difference between the Bush and Obama Administrations, he added: "If President Bush was the President
of extra-judicial torture then US President Barak Obama is the President of extra judicial killing through drone strikes. Our work has only just begun."
</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">The prosecution case rested on proving how the decision-makers at the highest level President Bush, Vice-President Cheney, Secretary
of Defence Rumsfeld, aided and abetted by the lawyers and the other commanders and CIA officials – all acted in concert. Torture was systematically applied and became an accepted norm.
</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">According to the prosecution, the testimony of all the witnesses exposed a sustained perpetration of brutal, barbaric, cruel and dehumanising
course of conduct against them. </span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">These acts of crimes were applied cumulatively to inflict the worst possible pain and suffering, said lawyers.
</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">The president of the tribunal Tan Sri Dato Lamin bin Haji Mohd Yunus Lamin, found that the prosecution had established beyond a "reasonable
doubt that the accused persons, former President George Bush and his co-conspirators engaged in a web of instructions, memos, directives, legal advice and action that established a common plan and purpose, joint enterprise and/or conspiracy to commit the crimes
of Torture and War Crimes, including and not limited to a common plan and purpose to commit the following crimes in relation to the "War on Terror" and the wars launched by the U.S. and others in Afghanistan and Iraq."
</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">President Lamin told a packed courtroom: "As a tribunal of conscience, the Tribunal is fully aware that its verdict is merely declaratory
in nature. The tribunal has no power of enforcement, no power to impose any custodial sentence on any one or more of the 8 convicted persons. What we can do, under Article 31 of Chapter VI of Part 2 of the Charter is to recommend to the Kuala Lumpur War Crimes
Commission to submit this finding of conviction by the Tribunal, together with a record of these proceedings, to the Chief Prosecutor of the International Criminal Court, as well as the United Nations and the Security Council.
</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">"The Tribunal also recommends to the Kuala Lumpur War Crimes Commission that the names of all the 8 convicted persons be entered and
included in the Commission's Register of War Criminals and be publicised accordingly.
</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto"><span style="font-family:"Arial",sans-serif">"The Tribunal recommends to the War Crimes Commission to give the widest international publicity to this conviction and grant of reparations,
as these are universal crimes for which there is a responsibility upon nations to institute prosecutions if any of these Accused persons may enter their jurisdictions".
</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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