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<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial Black",sans-serif;color:black">They are all about my age so you can calculate from there. fab.<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span style="font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial Black",sans-serif;color:black"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal"><b><i><span style="font-family:"Arial Black",sans-serif;color:black">Francis A. Boyle<o:p></o:p></span></i></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><i><span style="font-family:"Arial Black",sans-serif;color:black">Law Building<o:p></o:p></span></i></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><i><span style="font-family:"Arial Black",sans-serif;color:black">504 E. Pennsylvania Ave.<o:p></o:p></span></i></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><i><span style="font-family:"Arial Black",sans-serif;color:black">Champaign, IL 61820 USA<o:p></o:p></span></i></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><i><span style="font-family:"Arial Black",sans-serif;color:black">217-333-7954 (phone)<o:p></o:p></span></i></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><i><span style="font-family:"Arial Black",sans-serif;color:black">217-244-1478 (fax)<o:p></o:p></span></i></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><i><u><span style="font-family:"Arial Black",sans-serif;color:black">(personal comments only)<o:p></o:p></span></u></i></b></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><b><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">From:</span></b><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"> Karen Aram <karenaram@hotmail.com>
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<b>Sent:</b> Tuesday, May 8, 2018 10:06 AM<br>
<b>To:</b> Boyle, Francis A <fboyle@illinois.edu><br>
<b>Cc:</b> Peace-discuss List (peace-discuss@lists.chambana.net) <peace-discuss@lists.chambana.net><br>
<b>Subject:</b> Re: [Peace-discuss] Diana Johnstone: on Trotskyists<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in">Really? <o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in">The American NeoCons started out as Trots? Which organizations were they involved with? Were they Communist Party members then leaving over Stalin during the 30’s? Were they then scared off by McCarthyism? <o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in">The assumption that all Zionists were at one time Trotskyists is also questionable, as during the seventies many of those opposing Zionism were Jewish Trotskyists.<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in">Who pays attention to talking heads on mainstream media? Very few young people, savvy people, or anyone embracing socialism, given mainstream media’s trivial, despicable yet successful attempts to manipulate popular
opinion. <o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><o:p> </o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in">I’m not disputing what you say, as much as I’m questioning when, where and how did this happen, given my absence from the US during the late 70’s, all of the 80’s,90’s and part of the 2000’s? Thank god.<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in">On May 8, 2018, at 07:47, Boyle, Francis A via Peace-discuss <<a href="mailto:peace-discuss@lists.chambana.net">peace-discuss@lists.chambana.net</a>> wrote:<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><b><span style="font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial Black",sans-serif">The American NeoCons started out as Trots. Then because of their die-hard support of Israel, they became Scoop Jackson Democrats. Then because
of their die-hard support of Israel, they became Republicans. They are more loyal to Israel than they are to the United States of America. And now they might get us involved in a war with Iran in order to do Israel’s dirty work for it—just like they did to
Iraq. Just remember that when you see them as Talking Heads on all the Mainstream Media. Fab.</span></b><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><b><i><span style="font-family:"Arial Black",sans-serif">Francis A. Boyle</span></i></b><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><b><i><span style="font-family:"Arial Black",sans-serif">Law Building</span></i></b><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><b><i><span style="font-family:"Arial Black",sans-serif">504 E. Pennsylvania Ave.</span></i></b><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><b><i><span style="font-family:"Arial Black",sans-serif">Champaign, IL 61820 USA</span></i></b><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><b><i><span style="font-family:"Arial Black",sans-serif">217-333-7954 (phone)</span></i></b><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><b><i><span style="font-family:"Arial Black",sans-serif">217-244-1478 (fax)</span></i></b><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><b><i><u><span style="font-family:"Arial Black",sans-serif">(personal comments only)</span></u></i></b><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><b><span style="font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial Black",sans-serif"> </span></b><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><b><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">From:</span></b><span class="apple-converted-space"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif"> </span></span><span style="font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif">Peace-discuss
<<a href="mailto:peace-discuss-bounces@lists.chambana.net">peace-discuss-bounces@lists.chambana.net</a>><span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><b>On Behalf Of<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span></b>Karen Aram via Peace-discuss<br>
<b>Sent:</b><span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>Tuesday, May 8, 2018 8:49 AM<br>
<b>To:</b><span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>Robert Naiman <<a href="mailto:naiman@justforeignpolicy.org">naiman@justforeignpolicy.org</a>><br>
<b>Cc:</b><span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>Peace-discuss List (<a href="mailto:peace-discuss@lists.chambana.net">peace-discuss@lists.chambana.net</a>) <<a href="mailto:peace-discuss@lists.chambana.net">peace-discuss@lists.chambana.net</a>><br>
<b>Subject:</b><span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>Re: [Peace-discuss] Diana Johnstone: on Trotskyists</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"> <o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in">Robert<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in">You make some good points, such as “Johnstone’s acceptance of strong leaders.” I prefer, "none of our business who the leaders are, strong or otherwise,” what is our business is what leaders the US supports with
US taxpayer funds and military armaments. That is our business.<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in">However, the “coincidence" of specific groups totally unrelated to Trotskyists, making the exact same arguments, statements, and name calling of anti-war activists in relation to Syria, which includes members of
the “Students for Justice in Palestine” on campus, to be highly questionable. Especially when we have former alternative news sources like Democracy Now, NPR, and The Intercept, though not doing the name calling of anti-war activists, they make the same arguments,
in support of the “moderate rebels” in Syria. <o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in">It is possible some individuals may misread, the intent of “international socialism,” in which case I suggest they go back and reread their “Communist Manifesto,” whereby Marx and Engels clarify, “Though not in
substance, yet in form, the struggle of the proletariat of each country must, of course, first of all settle matters with its own bourgeoisie.” <o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in">We have a long way to go in the US, before we are ready to lend anything more than verbal support, to uprisings against oppressive rulers, in other nations, as a nation. As related to “individual Americans” supporting
uprisings, such as was done during the “Spanish Civil War.” or the “troubles in Ireland, etc.” that is up to the individual, as an individual. <o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in">My final analysis of all, including Proyect, is one is not a socialist, if they support “imperialism.”<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in">On May 8, 2018, at 04:30, Robert Naiman <<a href="mailto:naiman@justforeignpolicy.org"><span style="color:purple">naiman@justforeignpolicy.org</span></a>> wrote:<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in">Proyect may be a "former Trotskyist," but with respect to the matter at hand, he is more "Trotskyist" than "former." He spent decades in the SWP. People with that kind of life experience often maintain many of the
same habits of thought, the same allegiances, the same opportunism, the same slash and burn polemical style. Her critique of Trotksyists' excessive attachment to other people's revolutions, even if imaginary, certainly applies to Proyect; and her critique
of how this often approach often leads to supporting Western imperialism also applies to Proyect. He has often, not always, been careful to insist that he opposes Western military intervention in Syria; but he has supported its predicates. If the Western imperialists
are saying, A is true, and that's why the West must bomb and invade, Proyect will argue vigorously for A, while claiming innocence of the implication. And, he calls everyone that he perceives to be an obstacle to his project an Assadist, including me; he has
done this for years.<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in">I know these things because I've been reading his stuff for a long time. He's a great writer, very smart, very compelling, if you're willing to tolerate the slash and burn polemical style. And he's very open and
self-reflective about his history in the SWP, which is a story I find fascinating, and which makes clear that things he critiques about the SWP apply to his own current commitments and endeavors. <o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in">Having said that, he does concede that "the Syrian revolution," such as it was, is now over. <o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in">Also, some of his critique of the "Assadist left" has been true. Some of the "Assad didn't do it" stuff has verged into conspiracy theory. <o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in">Finally: I like this Diana Johnstone piece a lot. I think it's substantially right. But there's something I wish she wouldn't do, which is the argument for accepting the necessity of the "strong leader" in these
countries, which I think is callous when one is speaking about people who have been responsible for huge atrocities, which exposes her unnecessarily to opponents who see her as an apologist for authoritarian politics, and which is inherently speculative. We're
never going to know what the alternative history was in the absence of imperialism, or even if imperialism had taken a slightly different course. What would have happened in Iran if the CIA had left Mossadeq alone? What would have happened in Chile if the
CIA had left Allende alone? How would the Sandinistas have evolved if the CIA had left them alone? We're never going to know. Each of these situations had internal contradictions that the CIA exploited but was not the author of. How would these contradictions
have been resolved if the CIA hadn't intervened? We'll never know. So let's reserve judgment. The more we can mitigate the Empire, the more space there will be for people to work out their problems without the usually terrible influence of external force. <o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in">Robert Naiman<br>
Policy Director<br>
Just Foreign Policy<br>
<a href="http://www.justforeignpolicy.org/" target="_blank"><span style="color:purple">www.justforeignpolicy.org</span></a><br>
<a href="mailto:naiman@justforeignpolicy.org" target="_blank"><span style="color:purple">naiman@justforeignpolicy.org</span></a><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in">(202) 448-2898 x1<o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in">On Mon, May 7, 2018 at 8:20 PM, Karen Aram via Peace-discuss <<a href="mailto:peace-discuss@lists.chambana.net" target="_blank"><span style="color:purple">peace-discuss@lists.chambana.net</span></a>> wrote:<o:p></o:p></p>
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<span style="font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#1D2129;background:white;font-weight:normal">No one says it better than Diana Johnstone. Though I would not blame it on "Trotskyists." She is clear, to eliminate those writing for the<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="http://wsws.org/" target="_blank"><span style="color:purple">WSWS.ORG</span></a>.
In this case she refers to the ISO, "International Socialist Organization," and one of their many articles, supporting US imperialism, by labeling anti-war leftists as Assadists, or supporters of Dictatorship. While they maybe Trotskyists, Louis Proyect the
"Unrepentant Markxist is a former Trotskyist, and takes every opportunity to criticize them, he like the anarchist group "Black Rose," all have maintained the same position as that of the ISO, that of labeling anti-war activists as Assadists and supporters
of a Dictator, that Diana's analysis presents. In the meantime, the killing continues, and the destruction of one more nation in the middle east by the US imperialists.</span><o:p></o:p></h1>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><span style="font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#1D2129;background:white">K. Aram</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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Trotskyist Delusions: Obsessed with Stalin, They See Betrayed Revolutions Everywhere</span><o:p></o:p></h1>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><span style="font-size:9.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#333333">May 4, 2018 • <a href="https://consortiumnews.com/2018/05/04/trotskyist-delusions-obsessed-with-stalin-they-see-betrayed-revolutions-everywhere/#comments" target="_blank"><span style="color:#8224E3;text-decoration:none">192
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;background:#EDEDDA"><span style="font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#555555">The trouble with some Trotskyists is they’re always “supporting” other peoples’ revolutions, says Diana Johnstone. Their
obsession with permanent revolution in the end provides an alibi for permanent war.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;background:#EDEDDA"><b><span style="font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#555555">By Diana Johnstone </span></b><em><span style="font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#555555">Special
to Consortium News</span></em><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;background:#EDEDDA"><span style="font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#555555"><a href="https://consortiumnews.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/edited-Diana-Johnstone.jpg" target="_blank"><span style="color:#8224E3;text-decoration:none"><img border="0" width="81" height="81" style="width:.8472in;height:.8472in" id="_x0000_i1025" src="https://consortiumnews.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/edited-Diana-Johnstone-150x150.jpg"></span></a>I
first encountered Trotskyists in Minnesota half a century ago during the movement against the Vietnam War. I appreciated their skill in organizing anti-war demonstrations and their courage in daring to call themselves “communists” in the United States of America
– a profession of faith that did not groom them for the successful careers enjoyed by their intellectual counterparts in France. So I started my political activism with sympathy toward the movement. In those days it was in clear opposition to U.S. imperialism,
but that has changed.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;background:#EDEDDA"><span style="font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#555555">The first thing one learns about Trotskyism is that it is split into rival tendencies. Some remain consistent critics
of imperialist war, notably those who write for the World Socialist Web Site (WSWS).</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;background:#EDEDDA"><span style="font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#555555">Others, however, have translated the Trotskyist slogan of “permanent revolution” (turning a bourgeois revolution into
a working class one) into the hope that every minority uprising in the world must be a sign of the long awaited world revolution – especially those that catch the approving eye of mainstream media. More often than deploring U.S. intervention, they join in
reproaching Washington for not intervening sooner on behalf of the alleged revolution.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;background:#EDEDDA"><span style="font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#555555">A recent article in the International Socialist Review (issue #108, March 1, 2018) entitled “Revolution and counterrevolution
in Syria” indicates so thoroughly how Trotskyism can go wrong that it is worthy of a critique. Since the author, Tony McKenna, writes well and with evident conviction, this is a strong not a weak example of the Trotskyist mindset.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;background:#EDEDDA"><span style="font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#555555">McKenna starts out with a passionate denunciation of the regime of Bashar al Assad, which, he says, responded to a group
of children who simply wrote some graffiti on a wall by “beating them, burning them, pulling their fingernails out.” The source of this grisly information is not given. There could be no eye witnesses to such sadism, and the very extremism sounds very much
like war propaganda – Germans carving up Belgian babies in the First World War.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;background:#EDEDDA"><strong><span style="font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#555555">The Issue of Sources</span></strong><o:p></o:p></p>
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<span style="font-size:8.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#555555">Trotsky: His permanent revolution turned into permanent war.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;background:#EDEDDA"><span style="font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#555555">It raises the issue of sources. There are many sources of accusations against the Assad regime, on which McKenna liberally
draws, indicating that he is writing not from personal observation, any more than I am. Clearly, he is strongly disposed to believe the worst, and even to embroider it somewhat. He accepts and develops without the shadow of a doubt the theory that Assad himself
is responsible for spoiling the good revolution by releasing Islamist prisoners who went on to poison it with their extremism. The notion that Assad himself infected the rebellion with Islamist fanaticism is at best a hypothesis concerning not facts but <i>intentions</i>,
which are invisible. But it is presented as unchallengeable evidence of Assad’s perverse wickedness.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;background:#EDEDDA"><span style="font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#555555">This interpretation of events happens to dovetail neatly with the current Western doctrine on Syria, so that it is impossible
to tell them apart. In both versions, the West is no more than a passive onlooker, whereas Assad enjoys the backing of Iran and Russia.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;background:#EDEDDA"><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#555555">“</span><span style="font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#555555">Much has been made of Western imperial
support for the rebels in the early years of the revolution. This has, in fact, been an ideological lynchpin of first the Iranian and then the Russian military interventions as they took the side of the Assad government. Such interventions were framed in the
spirit of anti-colonial rhetoric in which Iran and Russia purported to come to the aid of a beleaguered state very much at the mercy of a rapacious Western imperialism that was seeking to carve the country up according to the appetites of the US government
and the International Monetary Fund”, according to McKenna.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;background:#EDEDDA"><span style="font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#555555">Whose “ideological lynchpin?” Not that of Russia, certainly, whose line in the early stages of its intervention was
not to denounce Western imperialism but to appeal to the West and especially to the United States to join in the fight against Islamist extremism.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;background:#EDEDDA"><span style="font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#555555">Neither Russia nor Iran “framed their interventions in the spirit of anti-colonial rhetoric” but in terms of the fight
against Islamist extremism with Wahhabi roots.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;background:#EDEDDA"><strong><span style="font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#555555">Organic U.S.-Israel Alliance</span></strong><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;background:#EDEDDA"><span style="font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#555555">In reality, a much more pertinent “framing” of Western intervention, taboo in the mainstream and even in Moscow, is
that Western support for armed rebels in Syria was being carried out to help Israel destroy its regional enemies. The Middle East nations attacked by the West – Iraq, Libya and Syria – all just happen to be, or have been, the last strongholds of secular Arab
nationalism and support for Palestinian rights. There are a few alternative hypotheses to Western motives – oil pipelines, imperialist atavism, desire to arouse Islamist extremism to weaken Russia (the Brzezinski gambit) – but none are as coherent as the organic
alliance between Israel and the United States, and its NATO sidekicks.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;background:#EDEDDA"><span style="font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#555555">It is remarkable that McKenna’s long article (some 12 thousand words) about the war in Syria mentions Israel only once
(aside from a footnote citing Israeli national news as a source). And this mention actually equates Israelis and Palestinians as co-victims of Assad propaganda: the Syrian government “used the mass media to slander the protestors, to present the revolution
as the chaos orchestrated by subversive international interests (the Israelis and the Palestinians were both implicated in the role of foreign infiltrators).”</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;background:#EDEDDA"><span style="font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#555555">No other mention of Israel, which occupies Syrian territory (the Golan Heights) and bombs Syria whenever it wants to.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;background:#EDEDDA"><span style="font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#555555">Only one, innocuous mention of Israel. But this article by a Trotskyist mentions Stalin, Stalinists, Stalinism no less
than <i>twenty-two times.</i></span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#555555"><a href="https://consortiumnews.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/Stalin_in_July_1941-Atomic-Heritage-Foundation.jpg" target="_blank"><span style="color:#8224E3;border:none windowtext 1.0pt;padding:0in;text-decoration:none"><img border="0" width="229" height="300" style="width:2.3888in;height:3.125in" id="_x0000_i1027" src="https://consortiumnews.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/Stalin_in_July_1941-Atomic-Heritage-Foundation-229x300.jpg"></span></a></span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<span style="font-size:8.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#555555">Stalin: Bolshevik Revolution ended in him.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;background:#EDEDDA"><span style="font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#555555">And what about Saudi Arabia, Israel’s de facto ally in the effort to destroy Syria in order to weaken Iran? Two mentions,
both implicitly denying that notorious fact. The only negative mention is blaming the Saudi family enterprise for investing billions in the Syrian economy in its neoliberal phase. But far from blaming Saudi Arabia for supporting Islamist groups, McKenna portrays
the House of Saud as a victim of ISIS hostility.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;background:#EDEDDA"><span style="font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#555555">Clearly, this Trotskyist delusion is to see the Russian Revolution everywhere, forever being repressed by a new Stalin.
Assad is likened to Stalin several times.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;background:#EDEDDA"><strong><span style="font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#555555">More About Stalin Than Syria</span></strong><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;background:#EDEDDA"><span style="font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#555555">This article is more about the Trotskyist case against Stalin than it is about Syria.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;background:#EDEDDA"><span style="font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#555555">This repetitive obsession does not lead to a clear grasp of events, which are <i>not</i>the Russian revolution. And
even on this pet subject, something is wrong.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;background:#EDEDDA"><span style="font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#555555">The Trotskyists keep yearning for a new revolution, just like the Bolshevik revolution. Yes, but the Bolshevik revolution
ended in Stalinism. Doesn’t that tell them something? Isn’t it quite possible that their much-desired “revolution” might turn out just as badly in Syria, if not much worse (jihadists taking over the country)?</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;background:#EDEDDA"><span style="font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#555555">Throughout history, revolts, uprisings, rebellions happen all the time, and usually end in repression. Revolution is
very rare. It is more a myth than a reality, especially as some Trotskyists tend to imagine it: the people all rising up in one great general strike, chasing their oppressors from power and instituting people’s democracy. Has this <i>ever </i>happened?</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;background:#EDEDDA"><span style="font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#555555">For these Trotskyists, this seem to be the natural way things should happen and is stopped only by bad guys who spoil
it out of meanness.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;background:#EDEDDA"><span style="font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#555555">In our era, the most successful revolutions have been in Third World countries, where national liberation from Western
powers was a powerful emotional engine. Successful revolutions have a program that unifies people and leaders who personify the aspirations of broad sectors of the population. Socialism or communism was above all a rallying cry meaning independence and “modernization”
– which is indeed what the Bolshevik revolution turned out to be. If the Bolshevik revolution turned Stalinist, maybe it was in part because a strong repressive leader was the only way to save “the revolution” from its internal and external enemies. There
is no evidence that, had he defeated Stalin, Trotsky would have been more tender-hearted.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;background:#EDEDDA"><span style="font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#555555">Countries that are deeply divided ideologically and ethnically, such as Syria, are not likely to be “modernized” without
a strong ruler.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;background:#EDEDDA"><span style="font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#555555">McKenna acknowledges that the beginning of the Assad regime somewhat redeemed its repressive nature by modernization
and social reforms. This modernization benefited from Russian aid and trade, which was lost when the Soviet Union collapsed. Yes, there was a Soviet bloc, which despite its failure to carry out world revolution as Trotsky advocated, did support the progressive
development of newly independent countries.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;background:#EDEDDA"><strong><span style="font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#555555">No Excuse for Bashar</span></strong><o:p></o:p></p>
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<span style="font-size:8.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#555555">The Assads: Son succumbed to neo-liberalism.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;background:#EDEDDA"><span style="font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#555555">If Bashar’s father Hafez al Assad had some revolutionary legitimacy in McKenna’s eyes, there is no excuse for Bashar. “In
the context of a global neoliberalism, where governments across the board were enacting the most pronounced forms of deregulation and overseeing the carving up of state industries by private capital, the Assad government responded to the heightening contradictions
in the Syrian economy by following suit—by showing the ability to march to the tempo of foreign investment while evincing a willingness to cut subsidies for workers and farmers.”</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;background:#EDEDDA"><span style="font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#555555">The neoliberal turn impoverished people in the countryside, therefore creating a situation that justified “revolution”.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;background:#EDEDDA"><span style="font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#555555">This is rather amazing, if one thinks about it. Without the alternative Soviet bloc, virtually the whole world has been
obliged to conform to anti-social neoliberal policies. Syria included. Does this make Bashar al Assad so much more a villain than every other leader conforming to U.S.-led globalization?</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;background:#EDEDDA"><span style="font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#555555">McKenna concludes by quoting Louis Proyect: “If we line up on the wrong side of the barricades in a struggle between
the rural poor and oligarchs in Syria, how can we possibly begin to provide a class-struggle leadership in the USA, Britain, or any other advanced capitalist country?”</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;background:#EDEDDA"><span style="font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#555555">One could turn that around. Shouldn’t such a Marxist revolutionary be saying: “If we can’t defeat the oligarchs in the
West, who are responsible for the neoliberal policies imposed on the rest of the world, how can we possibly begin to provide class-struggle leadership in Syria?”</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;background:#EDEDDA"><span style="font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#555555">The trouble with these Trotskyists is that they are always “supporting” other people’s more or less imaginary revolutions.
They are always telling others what to do. They know it all. The practical result of this verbal agitation is simply to align this brand of Trotskyism with U.S imperialism. The obsession with permanent revolution ends up providing an ideological alibi for
permanent war.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;background:#EDEDDA"><span style="font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#555555">For the sake of world peace and progress, both the United States and its inadvertent Trotskyist apologists should go
home and mind their own business.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in;background:#EDEDDA"><b><span style="font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#555555">Diana Johnstone is a political writer, focusing primarily on European politics and Western foreign policy. She received
a Ph.D. at the University of Minnesota and was active in the movement against the Vietnam War. Johnstone was European editor of the U.S. weekly </span></b><span style="font-size:10.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#555555"><a href="http://www.inthesetimes.com/" target="_blank"><b><i><span style="font-size:13.5pt;color:#FF6600">In
These Times</span></i></b></a></span><b><span style="font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#555555"> from 1979 to 1990, and continues to be a correspondent for the publication. She was press officer of the Green group in the European Parliament
from 1990 to 1996. Her books include </span></b><b><i><u><span style="font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#FF6600"><a href="http://www.lausti.com/articles/books/johnstone.html" target="_blank"><span style="color:#8224E3;text-decoration:none">Queen
of Chaos: The Misadventures of Hillary Clinton</span></a>, </span></u></i></b><b><span style="font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#555555">CounterPunch Books (2016) and </span></b><b><i><u><span style="font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#FF6600"><a href="http://www.lausti.com/articles/balkan/johnstone.html" target="_blank"><span style="color:#8224E3;text-decoration:none">Fools’
Crusade: Yugoslavia, NATO and Western Delusions</span></a>, </span></u></i></b><b><span style="font-size:13.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:#555555">Pluto Press (2002).</span></b><o:p></o:p></p>
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