[Peace-discuss] world's first oil-free economy

[Lisa Chason]

Sweden plans to be world's first oil-free economy 

. 15-year limit set for switch to renewable energy
. Biofuels favoured over further nuclear power 

John Vidal, environment editor
Wednesday February 8, 2006
 <http://www.guardian.co.uk/> The Guardian 



Sweden is to take the biggest energy step of any advanced western economy by
trying to wean itself off oil completely within 15 years - without building
a new generation of nuclear power stations. 

The attempt by the country of 9 million people to become the world's first
practically oil-free economy is being planned by a committee of
industrialists, academics, farmers, car makers, civil servants and others,
who will report to parliament in several months. 



The intention, the Swedish government said yesterday, is to replace all
fossil fuels with renewables before climate change destroys economies and
growing oil scarcity leads to huge new price rises. 

"Our dependency on oil should be broken by 2020," said Mona Sahlin, minister
of sustainable development. "There shall always be better alternatives to
oil, which means no house should need oil for heating, and no driver should
need to turn solely to gasoline." 


According to the energy committee of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences,
there is growing concern that global oil supplies are peaking and will
shortly dwindle, and that a global economic recession could result from high
oil prices. 


Ms Sahlin has described oil dependency as one of the greatest problems
facing the world. "A Sweden free of fossil fuels would give us enormous
advantages, not least by reducing the impact from fluctuations in oil
prices," she said. "The price of oil has tripled since 1996." 


A government official said: "We want to be both mentally and technically
prepared for a world without oil. The plan is a response to global climate
change, rising petroleum prices and warnings by some experts that the world
may soon be running out of oil." 


Sweden, which was badly hit by the oil price rises in the 1970s, now gets
almost all its electricity from nuclear and hydroelectric power, and relies
on fossil fuels mainly for transport. Almost all its heating has been
converted in the past decade to schemes which distribute steam or hot water
generated by geothermal energy or waste heat. A 1980 referendum decided that
nuclear power should be phased out, but this has still not been finalised. 


The decision to abandon oil puts Sweden at the top of the world green league
table. Iceland hopes by 2050 to power all its cars and boats with hydrogen
made from electricity drawn from renewable resources, and Brazil intends to
power 80% of its transport fleet with ethanol derived mainly from sugar cane
within five years. 


Last week George Bush surprised analysts by saying that the US was addicted
to oil and should greatly reduce imports from the Middle East. The US now
plans a large increase in nuclear power. 


The British government, which is committed to generating 10% of its
electricity from renewable sources by 2012, last month launched an energy
review which has a specific remit to consider a large increase in nuclear
power. But a report by accountants Ernst & Young yesterday said that the UK
was falling behind in its attempt to meet its renewables target. 


"The UK has Europe's best wind, wave and tidal resources yet it continues to
miss out on its economic potential," said Jonathan Johns, head of renewable
energy at Ernst & Young. 


Energy ministry officials in Sweden said they expected the oil committee to
recommend further development of biofuels derived from its massive forests,
and by expanding other renewable energies such as wind and wave power. 


Sweden has a head start over most countries. In 2003, 26% of all the energy
consumed came from renewable sources - the EU average is 6%. Only 32% of the
energy came from oil - down from 77% in 1970. 


The Swedish government is working with carmakers Saab and Volvo to develop
cars and lorries that burn ethanol and other biofuels. Last year the Swedish
energy agency said it planned to get the public sector to move out of oil.
Its health and library services are being given grants to convert from oil
use and homeowners are being encouraged with green taxes. The paper and pulp
industries use bark to produce energy, and sawmills burn wood chips and
sawdust to generate power.

 

 

It is not for him to pride himself who loveth his own country, but rather
for him who loveth the whole world. The earth is but one country and mankind
its citizens. 
-Baha'u'llah
 

 
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