[Announce] [Peace-discuss] update and apology on time mix-up

[carbenmommy at yahoo.com]

Abbilyn:
 
When I spoke about strongly questioning the U of I concerning how Native Amercians were allowed to take shelter during the annual "Chief Illiniwek" debate, I mean to find out exactally what steps they took to make shelter available to Native Americans during the debate period.  Tent Cities are legal means to house people, you just have to make sure the homeless are provided certain provisions in a safe envirionment.  The IRS can help, and since the funding is federal, perhaps Timothy V. Johnson's office can be of some assistance or perhaps Dick Durbin. I have written down your phone number, but it would be best if you called me at 618.254.0982 between the hours of 9 and 10 pm M-F and in the evening after 7 pm Sat and Sun.  I have pasted three cites that might be of interest to you:  
 

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How to Start a 501c3 Nonprofit Organization



Have you always wanted to leave the world a better place than you found it by starting a nonprofit corporation? Here's a simple, straightforward guide on how to successfully establish a 501(c)(3) nonprofit corporation.






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[edit] Steps

Understand what a nonprofit is: an organization whose primary objective is to support some issue or matter of private interest or public concern (such as the arts, charities, education, politics, religion, research, or some other endeavor) for non-commercial purposes. There are different kinds of nonprofits, one of them being a 501(c)(3), which is exempt from income and (sometimes) property tax, and able to receive tax-deductible charitable contributions. Before you spend your money, at least consult with an attorney who is experienced in the area of nonprofit law so that you do not make one of the many major mistakes that people make when they try to incorporate by themselves. 
Formulate a mission statement. As a non-profit organization, you exist to accomplish your mission, which should be crafted based upon your purpose, services and values. The mission statement is a concise expression that covers in one or two sentences who the organization is, what it does, for whom and where. It should also be compelling, as it will be used in all published materials, funding requests and public relations. It should also portray how your organization is distinct from others. (See Tips for a sample mission statement.) 
Form a Board of Directors. Forming a board requires careful thought and extensive recruitment efforts. Each state has regulations that determine the minimum size of the board, typically three, but the optimum number of people who sit on the board should be determined by the needs of the organization. Based on what your organization would like to accomplish, you should decide what special skills and qualities you will require of the individuals on your board. Identify qualified individuals who are supportive of your mission and are willing to give of their talents and time (see Tips for more information). 
File Articles of Incorporation. Articles of Incorporation are official statements of creation of an organization filed with the appropriate state agency. They are important to protect both board and staff from legal liabilities incurred by the organization, making the corporation the holder of debts and liabilities, not the individuals and officers who work for the organization. The specific requirements governing how to incorporate are determined by each state. You can obtain the information you need to proceed with this step from your state Attorney General’s office or your state Secretary’s office. Before you spend your money, at least consult with an attorney who is experienced in the area of nonprofit law so that you do not make one of the many major mistakes that people make when they try to incorporate by themselves. 
Draft bylaws. Bylaws are simply the "rules" of how the organization operates. Although Bylaws are not required to file for 501(c)(3) status, they will help you in governing your organization. Bylaws should be drafted with the help of an attorney and approved by the board early in the organization's development. 
Develop a budget. Creating a budget is often one of the most challenging tasks when creating a nonprofit organization. A budget is the expression, in financial terms, of the plan of operation designed to achieve the objectives of an organization. New organizations may start the budgeting process by looking at potential income – figuring out how much money they have to spend. 
Develop a record-keeping system. Legally, you must save all Board documents including minutes and financial statements. It is necessary to preserve your important corporate documents, including board meeting minutes, bylaws, Articles of Incorporation, financial reports, and other official records. You should contact your appropriate state agency for more information on what records you are required to keep in the official files. 
Develop an accounting system. If your board does not include someone with a financial or accounting background, it is best to work with an accountant familiar with non-profit organizations. Nonprofits are accountable to the public, their funders, and, in some instances, government granting bodies, and it is vital to establish a system of controls (checks and balances) when establishing the organization’s accounting practices. Responsible financial management requires the establishment of an accounting system that meets both current and anticipated needs. 
File for 501(c)(3) status. To apply for recognition of tax-exempt, public charity status, obtain Form 1023 (application) and Publication 557 (detailed instructions) from the local IRS office. The filing fee depends upon the size of the organization’s budget. The application is an important legal document, so it is advisable to seek the assistance of an experienced attorney when preparing it. Both of these documents can be downloaded from IRS web site listed below. 
Apply for a federal employer identification number. Regardless of whether or not you have employees, nonprofits are required to obtain a federal Employer Identification Number (EIN) — also referred to as the federal ID number. Available from the IRS, this number is used to identify the organization when tax documents are filed and is used not unlike an individual’s Social Security number. If you received your number prior to incorporation, you will need to apply for a new number under the corporate name. Ask for Form SS-4 when applying for your EIN. 
File for state and local tax exemption. In accordance with state, county, and municipal law, you may apply for exemption from income, sales, and property taxes. Contact your state Department of Revenue, your county or municipal Department of Revenue, local Departments of Revenue, and county or municipal clerk’s offices. 
Fulfill charitable solicitation law requirements. If your organization’s plans include fundraising, be aware that many states and few local jurisdictions regulate organizations that solicit funds within that state, county, or city. Usually compliance involves obtaining a permit or license and then filing an annual report and financial statement. Contact the state Attorney General’s office, the state Department of Commerce, state and local Departments of Revenue and county or municipal clerk’s offices to get more information. 
Apply for a nonprofit mailing permit. The federal government provides further subsidies for nonprofits with reduced postage rates on bulk mailings. While first-class postage rates for nonprofits remain the same as those for the for-profit sector, second- and third-class rates are substantially less when nonprofits mail to a large number of members or constituencies. For more information on eligibility, contact the U.S. Postal Service and ask for Publication 417, Nonprofit Standard Mail Eligibility (also available at the link below) 





[edit] Tips

Sample mission statement: "The National Mental Health Association is dedicated to promoting mental health, preventing mental disorders and achieving victory over mental illnesses through advocacy, education, research and service; The National Consumer Supporter Technical Assistance Center’s purpose is to strengthen consumer organizations by providing technical assistance in the forms of research, informational materials, and financial aid. The mission of Texas Mental Health Consumers is to organize, encourage, and educate mental health consumers in Texas. TMHC supports and promotes the mental health recovery process through peer directed and operated services, advocacy, economic development, and participation in public mental health policy design." 
What to look for in a board member: Look for individuals whose values reflect your statement of purpose. Although it is recommended that the majority of your board be consumers, include the community at large, not just your specific community of focus (e.g. the mental health community). Consider the religious community, local service clubs, legal professionals, and colleges and universities as sources for prospective a Board of Directors. Do not overload people who already serve on many committees – seek a balance between old and new leadership. 
The organization needs to open a bank account and ascertain whether to use the accrual or cash method of accounting. The difference between the two types of accounting is when revenues and expenses are recorded. In cash basis accounting, revenues are recorded when cash is actually received and expenses are recorded when they are actually paid (no matter when they were actually invoiced). In accrual basis accounting, income is reported in the fiscal period it is earned, regardless of when it is received, and expenses are deducted in the fiscal period they are incurred, whether they are paid or not. 
Hire an attorney to help you with your Certificate of Incorporation and the By-Laws. Hire an attorney or accountant, particularly one who has experience with 501c3 nonprofit corporations, to help you file the state and federal exemption forms. It will save you time and money in the long run. 
You may want to secure a domain name that matches the name of your proposed organization. 
Design a logo and tagline that will help distinguish your organizations from others and be representative of what your mission is. 







[edit] Warnings

Do not use an Incorporation service or Paralegal document processing service to start your nonprofit. They often only provide part of your documentation needed for full Tax Exempt Corporation status. You could also consult a nonprofit law attorney, an experienced accountant or a professional 501(c)(3) consulting service, but be sure to check them out. Most paralegals, attorneys and accountants have little experience in this area. You can usually check out these services via the local legal bar association, references, or the Better Business Bureau. 
It is important to file your 1023 within 27 months of the date when your organization was established, or when your Articles of Incorporation were filed. Although the IRS may approve an additional extension under certain circumstances, missing the deadline may result in your charity or foundation not getting 501(c)(3) recognition retroactive to its incorporation date. 





[edit] Related wikiHows

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How to Find out What Kind of Business to Start 
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[edit] Sources and Citations

http://www.irs.gov/charities/index.html 
Publication 417, Nonprofit Standard Mail Eligibility 



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Tent city

>From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Jump to: navigation, search





The examples and perspective in this article may not represent a worldwide view of the subject. Please improve this article or discuss the issue on the talk page.

 

Tent city of 40,000 in Darfur.
The term tent city is used to describe a variety of temporary housing facilities made using tents. Informal tent cities may be set up without authorization by homeless people or protesters. As well, state governments or military organizations set up tent cities to house refugees, evacuees, or soldiers. Tent cities set up by homeless people may be similar to shanty towns, which are informal settlements in which the buildings are made from scrap building materials.





Contents[hide]

1 Military 
2 Environmental disasters 
3 Homeless people 

3.1 Dignity Village, Oregon, USA 
3.2 Southern California, USA 
3.3 St. Petersburg, Florida, USA 
3.4 Seattle, Washington, USA 
3.5 King County, Washington, USA 
3.6 Toronto, Ontario, Canada 
3.7 Other cities 
4 Events 

4.1 Persepolis 
4.2 Hajj 
5 Other applications 

5.1 Kent State University 
5.2 Maricopa County Jail Modification 
6 References 
7 External links 

[edit] Military
In the military, the term "tent city" usually refers to temporary living quarters erected on deployed military bases, such as those found in Bosnia or Iraq. Depending on the branch of service and the length of time the tent city has been in place, the living space may be equipped with most modern amenities. For sanitary reasons, military tent cities place toilet, shower, and laundry facilities at least 50 feet (15 m) from living quarters. Also, tents are typically divided into clusters of 8-10 to prevent the rapid spread of fire, which is of utmost concern because of the tent and bedding materials.

[edit] Environmental disasters
Since Hurricane Katrina made landfall in August 2005, the term has been used to describe temporary housing sites set up for Gulf Coast residents who were left homeless by the storm. Some of the tents that were built by Seabees and funded by FEMA are wooden structures covered by tents. With the exception of indoor plumbing, most of the tents have heat, air, and lights. The tent city can hold as many as 250 occupants. Displaced residents are only expected to stay for three to six months.

[edit] Homeless people

[edit] Dignity Village, Oregon, USA
Dignity Village is a city-recognized encampment of homeless people in Portland, Oregon, United States. Dignity Village is incorporated in Oregon as a 501(c)(3) membership-based non-profit organization, and is governed by bylaws[1] and a board of directors with an elected chairman and other corporate officers.[2] Membership is by application review. Dignity Village states that membership is not limited "based on religion, race, sex, sexual orientation, handicap, age, lifestyle choice, previous (criminal) record or economic status." Continued membership is dependent upon following the community's rules of behavior, contained in their membership agreement:[3]

No violence toward yourself or others. 
No illegal substances or alcohol or paraphernalia on the premises or within a one-block radius. 
No stealing. 
Everyone contributes to the upkeep and welfare of the village and works to become a productive member of the community. 
No disruptive behavior of any kind that disturbs the general peace and welfare of the village. 
Membership size varies and is limited by the physical size of the available space at the city yard site.

[edit] Southern California, USA
The BBC did a news story[4][5] in 2008 about tent cities in Southern California which reportedly was politically censored by the national American media.[6] The story talked about how the causes of the crises in the U.S. economy has forced many people, who used to own their own homes, to now live in tents.
AlterNet published a story[7] in 2009 about the main stream media finally "discovering" the homeless situation in Sacramento.

[edit] St. Petersburg, Florida, USA
In late December 2006, homeless people formed an impromptu tent city on the St. Vincent de Paul property in the 1400 block of Fourth Avenue N. of St. Petersburg in Saint Petersburg, Florida when dozens of homeless moved off of public land across the street from the society. In early January 2007, city officials noted city codes that prohibit living in tents and gave the society one week to evict the occupants of the tent city. [8]

[edit] Seattle, Washington, USA

 

Nickelsville toward the end of its stay in Seattle's University District.
Homeless people have long resorted to seeking shelter in tents, but these communities are one of the first known to be organized by a sponsoring organization (a partnership between the Seattle Housing and Resource Effort and Women's Housing Equality and Enhancement League, often referred to by the combined acronym SHARE/WHEEL), and, even more notably, are one of the first in a major U.S. city to be largely accepted by local governments. Contrary to some stereotypes regarding the homeless, many residents of Tent City are employed, mostly in temporary or day labor jobs, but have insufficient income to obtain more permanent housing [9].
The original Tent City and Tent City 2, both created in the late 1990s, were created illegally and opposed by the City of Seattle. After being tolerated for some time, they were eventually forced to shut down. In March 2002, as a result of a legal battle, city attorney Tom Carr and SHARE/WHEEL attorney Ted Hunter signed a court ordered consent decree with SHARE, allowing Tent City only on private land (by invitation) and setting standards for its operation.
Based on the consent decree Tent City 3 was created and rotates around the Metro Seattle Core. Tent City 4 was created in May 2004 as an attempt to expand beyond the consent decree and use public land and resources, something the consent decree does not allow. This attempt was unsuccessful and Tent City 4 has since been relocated to eastern King County where it is church sponsored. Tent City rules do not allow drug or alcohol use, and evicts anyone caught stealing or committing other crimes within the camp. Stays for Tent City 3 have been around 3 weeks on average while Tent City 4 has had stays as long as 100 days. Cities have been adopting code amendments that limit stays to 60–90 days.
Another homeless encampment, unaffiliated with Tent City 3 and 4, lived in donated, mainly fuschia, tents at the University Congregational United Church of Christ in Seattle's University District [1] for several months ending March 5, 2009, at which time it moved to the suburb of Bryn Mawr south of Seattle.[2] According to [3], homeless advocates criticized Seattle Mayor Greg Nickels for continuously clearing out homeless encampments, and named their encampment "Nickelsville". The church itself, out of respect for recent efforts by Mayor Nickels, did not use the "Nickelsville" name in referring to the encampment [4].
While on the road in Seattle, Washington on March 30, 2009, Democracy Now! did a story[10] about Seattle's Nickelsville. They also covered a story about the police raid on Nickelsville the previous day, March 29th, where 24 people were arrested.[11]

[edit] King County, Washington, USA
Main article: Tent City 4 (King County, Washington)
Tent City 4 (TC4) is a homeless encampment of up to 100 people created in May 2004 in eastern King County outside of Seattle. Residents are adult men and women, although there is a provision for quartering minor dependents in emergency situations. Residents may have their own tents or single men or women may stay in gender specific community tents. Dumpsters and portable toilets are provided by SHARE and there is a portable shower. The community currently relocates every three to four months on the property of Eastern King County churches upon invitation. Proponents state that the average length of residency per inhabitant is six weeks, with fewer long-term than short-term members.[12]
Opponents challenge this claim citing SHARE'S testimony to King County and City of Seattle elected officials that they do not keep any data on residents in order to protect their privacy. While the percentage varies based on the occupants, many of the residents work part or full time for area businesses as day laborers or permanent employees.[12] Tent City 4 governance consists of an Advisor similar to an executive, and a rotating Executive Committee elected by the community in a one person, one vote structure.
Tent City 4 has differentiated itself from other temporary encampments since 2004 due to its standard of requiring a signed "Code of Conduct" and performing warrant checks and sex offender checks on all potential residents.[12] By signing the "Code of Conduct" the residents agree to abstain from drugs and alcohol while at the camp and share responsibility for site security and maintenance.
Tent City 4 advocates cite statements from local police and newspapers that there have been no increases in crime in the areas that Tent City 4 has been located in[13] and that calls to police for a similar tent city in Seattle are about the same as an apartment complex with 100 residents.[14] Opponents of Tent City 4 note that increases in law enforcement costs associated with TC4 are an impact to public safety that the rural areas TC4 visits are unprepared to handle.[15] They also express concerns that analysis of actual police reports and raw data associated with occupancies actually show increases in crime rates[16] conflicts with the official statements that are being made.[13][15]
TC4 left Northshore United Church of Christ (NUCC) in Woodinville on August 12, 2006 ending their unpermitted 90 day stay at the church. In July 2007 the Washington Court of Appeals upheld the King County Superior Court ruling against SHARE and NUCC allowing the city to collect the fines levied. Tent City 4 had hoped to relocate to the First Evangelical Lutheran Church in Bothell and received permits to do so on August 11[17], but rejected the permit due to the number of conditions on the permit and instead moved to a backup site at Woodinville Unitarian Universalist Church (WUUC) after receiving a permit from King County.[18]

[edit] Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Toronto, Canada's largest city, was also home to its own "Tent City" until September 2002, when the residents of Tent City were evicted by the owner of the property, Home Depot.[19] It was situated in the downtown core of Toronto, near the waterfront, and was home to hundreds of people who were homeless. Many of the residents built their own shelters or brought tents and some were even able to have certain luxuries like computers and television by illegally tapping into the city's power grid. A number of critics, including some citizens of Tent City, noted that many people in Tent City were substance abusers who chose to live there because they could spend their money exclusively on drugs. Some residents also resorted to prostitution to supplement their income and support their habits.
Tent City was mainly self-governed, as police would not usually enter it unless a major crime was committed. One of the oldest residents of Tent City became the appointed "Mayor" and oversaw the operation of the city and helped deal with the crime that did occur. In one instance a resident who was leaving Tent City sold his shelter twice to two separate individuals, making a profit for himself and leaving the buyers to resolve the dispute. There were also citizens who turned to theft in order to make money. Despite these conditions, there were some residents who felt more secure in Tent City than they did in the Government shelters and chose to live in a self-regulated area where they could defend themselves.
When Tent City was closed, Home Depot evicted the residents with private security guards. They were allowed to briefly return to their homes to retrieve their possessions before being permanently removed from the area. This action was criticized by activist groups as an attempt by Home Depot to clear land to develop a downtown big box outlet. After the eviction, the residents were dispersed and forced to find new areas downtown where they could live or to move into shelters. Three years later, at the end of 2005, the land remained undeveloped, and Home Depot has since opened a downtown outlet at Gerrard Square, a mall that sits on the corner of Pape and Gerrard.
Journalist Shaughnessy Bishop-Stall voluntarily abandoned his middle class lifestyle to live in Tent City for a year. He received very little outside assistance and begged for money to sustain himself. He detailed his experiences in a book, Down to This: Squalor and Splendour in a Big-city Shantytown.[20]

[edit] Other cities
Tent cities are also found in the following cities[citation needed]: Chattanooga, Tennessee; Columbus, Ohio; Athens, Georgia; Reno, Nevada; Sacramento, California; San Diego, California; and Nashville, Tennessee. The Umoja Village, built by Take Back the Land, was a shantytown in Miami created to protest gentrification and a lack of low-income housing in Miami.

[edit] Events

[edit] Persepolis
For the festivities of the 2,500 year celebration of Iran's monarchy the Shah of Iran, Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, built a luxurious tent city in the desert next to the ruins of Persepolis to accommodate his international guests. The event took place October 12-16,1971. The tent city was inspired by the tent city of the Field of the Cloth of Gold meeting between Francis I of France and Henry VIII of England that took place in 1520.

[edit] Hajj
Every year, the Saudi Arabian government's Ministry of Hajj sets up a tent city to support Muslim pilgrims in the village of Mina, where the ritual Stoning of the Devil takes place as part of the overall Hajj pilgrimage to Mecca[21]. A tent city is also established annually at Mount Arafat, another essential stop during the Hajj[22]. Because up to four million pilgrims may be performing the Hajj annually, the tent cities are densely inhabited with 20-40 people per tent. As such, fire and disease outbreaks are constant concerns. Since the late 1990s, Saudi authorities have started using fireproof tents to reduce the risks of a major fire.

[edit] Other applications

[edit] Kent State University
On May 12, 1977, a tent city was erected and maintained for a period of more than 60 days by a group of several dozen protesters on the campus of Kent State University in Kent, Ohio, United States. The protesters, led by the May 4 Task Force but also including community members and local clergy, were attempting to prevent the university from erecting a gymnasium annex on part of the site where the Kent State shootings occurred in May 1970, which they believed would alter and obscure that historical event. Law enforcement finally brought the tent city to an end on July 12, 1977, after the forced removal and arrest of 193 people. The event gained national press coverage and the issue was taken to the U.S. Supreme Court.[citation needed]

[edit] Maricopa County Jail Modification
33°25′40″N 112°07′26″W / 33.427713°N 112.123775°W / 33.427713; -112.123775
Prior to the election of Sheriff Joe Arpaio in 1993, the prisoner population in Maricopa County Jail, Arizona, the 4th largest jail system in the world[23], exceeded the maximum number of inmates allowed in its facilities. Prisoners were routinely released from custody prior to completing their sentence due to the overcrowding. In a study conducted in 1993 it was estimated that construction of a new facility would cost approximately $70,000,000. Sheriff Arpaio, concerned about the cost of a new facility and reasoning that military tents were good enough for the men and women of the U.S. armed forces who fought in Operation Desert Storm, ordered that a Tent Jail be constructed utilizing inmate labor [24]. It consisted of Korean War era tents donated by the United States armed forces, and a 50 ft (15.4 m) observation tower with a vacancy sign mounted on the front. The final cost of the project was approximately $100,000 and it is capable of housing over
 2400 Inmates.
All inmates housed outside in the tents (N yard for the males and O yard for the females) are "volunteers" in the "Working Inmate Program" and must agree to work an assigned job and comply with the Sheriff's grooming standards. Inmates who decline to work or refuse to groom themselves are relocated inside a hardened facility along with the rest of the jail population.[citation needed]

[edit] References


^ Dignity Village 
^ The Guardian 
^ Dignity Village 
^ Wendy Urquhart (2008-03-14). "Tent cities spring up in LA". BBC. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CnnOOo6tRs8. Retrieved on 2008-04-23.  
^ "Tent city highlights US homes crisis". BBC. 2008-03-14. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/7297093.stm. Retrieved on 2009-01-09.  
^ Various authors (2008-03-19). "Welcome To Tent City - America Style". Crooks and Liars. http://www.crooksandliars.com/2008/03/19/welcome-to-tent-city-america-style/. Retrieved on 2008-04-23.  
^ Rose Aguilar (2009-04-20). ""People Shouldn't Have to Live Like This": The Real Story Behind "Tent City" -- and How the Media Get It Wrong". Alternet. http://www.alternet.org/rights/137045/%22people_shouldn%27t_have_to_live_like_this%22%3A_the_real_story_behind_%22tent_city%22_--_and_how_the_media_get_it_wrong/. Retrieved on 2009-04-20.  
^ Robert Farley (2007-01-08). "Pickets greet mayor at church". St. Petersburg Times. http://www.sptimes.com/2007/01/08/Southpinellas/Pickets_greet_mayor_a.shtml. Retrieved on 2007-01-10.  
^ The SHARE/WHEEL Tent City Project 
^ "A 21st Century Hooverville: Seattle's Homeless Population Builds "Nickelsville," a Tent City Named After the City's Mayor". Democracy Now!. 2009-03-30. http://www.democracynow.org/2009/3/30/nickelsville_seattle_newest_tent_city. Retrieved on 2009-04-20.  
^ "Seattle Police Arrest 24 People at Nickelsville Tent City". Democracy Now!. 2009-03-29. http://www.democracynow.org/2008/9/29/headlines#15. Retrieved on 2009-04-20.  
^ a b c Tent City 4 Background Information. Northshore United Church of Christ. Retrieved on June 19, 2006. 
^ a b Tuinstra, Rachel. Finn Hill homeless camp due to move. The Seattle Times. February 13, 2005. Retrieved on June 16, 2006. 
^ Tent City doesn't seem to affect crime rates. The Seattle Times. May 21, 2004. 
^ a b Conover, Forrest. Tent City Final Report. City of Bothell. September 30, 2004. Retrieved June 16, 2004. 
^ Crime and Tent City. Tent City Solutions. Retrieved on June 16, 2006. 
^ City of Bothell Issues Transitory Accommodations Permit 
^ Tent city heads to backup site 
^ "Homeless evicted from Toronto's 'tent city'", cbc.ca, September 25, 2002. 
^ Down to This: Squalor and Splendour in a Big-city Shantytown, City of Toronto Book Awards. 
^ "Mina". Ministry of Hajj, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. http://www.hajinformation.com/main/j50.htm.  
^ "Arafat". Ministry of Hajj, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. http://www.hajinformation.com/main/j30.htm.  
^ NICE Systems - Press Releases - Maricopa County Sheriff's Office Installs NiceVision in Madison Street Jail 
^ Maricopa County Sheriff's Office 

[edit] External links

Seattle University hosting Tent City 3 
Temporary Autonomous Shelter (Tent Cities) Research Portal 
Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tent_city"

Categories: Homelessness | Informal settlements | Temporary settlements | Shelters
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Updating the database of the Illinois Compiled Statutes (ILCS) is an ongoing process. Recent laws may not yet be included in the ILCS database, but they are found on this site as Public Acts soon after they become law. For information concerning the relationship between statutes and Public Acts, refer to the Guide.

Because the statute database is maintained primarily for legislative drafting purposes, statutory changes are sometimes included in the statute database before they take effect. If the source note at the end of a Section of the statutes includes a Public Act that has not yet taken effect, the version of the law that is currently in effect may have already been removed from the database and you should refer to that Public Act to see the changes made to the current law.
 

HUMAN NEEDSCHAPTER  305   PUBLIC AID CHAPTER  310   HOUSING CHAPTER  315   URBAN PROBLEMS CHAPTER  320   AGING CHAPTER  325   CHILDREN CHAPTER  330   VETERANS
 
Here's to Hoping the Above Helps,
 
Nora E. Whipple
PO Box 512 
Wood River, IL 62095
(337)718-1427
(618)254-0982


      
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