[Peace-discuss] Fwd: FW: U.S. War Crimes During the First Persian Gulf War (1991)

[Roger Helbig]

Ramsey Clark has gotten lost in search of the truth as well -

Here is quote from the reference I provided -

At Camp David, Horner briefed Bush on air options. “That went pretty well
because nobody knew anything,” Horner said.* Bush said his objectives were
to limit loss of life, both Iraqi and allied. *

*This absolutely does not square with your claim about a Dresden like
campaign - Where is your quote from the Clark book -*

*I am not about to buy a book to find out what you claim is true - you find
open source material that anyone can read for free - I have gotten another
book from libraries by Clark's organization and it is full of false and
misleading information - so I do not consider him to be a credible source -
that's sad because he should be, but he seems to let campaigners put his
name on stuff without his really checking the facts - *

*Roger*

On Fri, Feb 23, 2018 at 7:03 AM, Boyle, Francis A via Peace-discuss <
peace-discuss at lists.chambana.net> wrote:

> *For full documentation with footnotes etc see Ramsey Clark, The Fire This
> Time, Thundersmouth Press. Fab.*
>
>
>
> *Francis A. Boyle*
>
> *Law Building*
>
> *504 E. Pennsylvania Ave.*
>
> *Champaign, IL 61820 USA*
>
> *217-333-7954 <(217)%20333-7954> (phone)*
>
> *217-244-1478 <(217)%20244-1478> (fax)*
>
> *(personal comments only)*
>
>
>
> *From:* Boyle, Francis [mailto:FBOYLE at law.illinois.edu]
> *Sent:* Sunday, January 16, 2011 5:12 PM
> *To:* Killeacle <fboyle at uiuc.edu>
> *Subject:* U.S. War Crimes During the First Persian Gulf War (1991)
>
>
>
>                             *United States War Crimes During the First
> Persian Gulf War*
>
>
> *On February 27, 1992 Albany Law School in Albany, N.Y. convened a
> Symposium on the subject of “International War Crimes:  The Search for
> Justice.”  The Symposium organizers invited the author to come in for the
> express purpose of arguing the case against the Bush Sr. administration for
> committing international crimes during their Gulf War I against Iraq, and
> then to debate this position with the other Symposium speakers, who were
> law professors or lawyers.  The Symposium proceedings were taped for later
> broadcast by C-SPAN:*   Introduction
>
> 1.  For the past year I have been working with the International
> Commission of Inquiry into United States war crimes that were committed
> during the Persian Gulf War.  This Commission has conducted the largest
> independent *worldwide* investigation of war crimes in history.  Since
> last May, the Commission has held thirty hearings across the United States
> and in twenty countries across five continents to expose the war crimes
> that the United States government inflicted upon the people and State of
> Iraq.
>
>
>
> 2.  On Saturday, February 29, 1992 in New York City, at the Martin Luther
> King, Jr. Auditorium, the Commission will publicly present its evidence
> before an International War Crimes Tribunal consisting of distinguished
> jurists and human rights activists drawn from around the world.  In the
> brief space that has been allotted to me, I would like to present the basic
> gist of the charges that will be brought before the Tribunal against
> President George Bush, Vice President Dan Quayle, Secretary of State Jim
> Baker, Secretary of Defense Dick Cheney, National Security Assistant Brent
> Scowcroft, CIA Director William Webster, Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of
> Staff General Colin Powell, General Norman Schwarzkopf, and other members
> of the High Command of the United States military establishment who
> launched and waged this brutal, inhumane, and criminal war.  Hereinafter,
> these individuals will be collectively referred to as the Defendants.
>
>
> The Charges
>
>
>
> 3.  The international crimes that have been charged and will be *proved *against
> these Defendants consist principally of the three Nuremberg Offenses:  the
> Nuremberg Crime Against Peace, that *is,* waging an aggressive war and a
> war in violation of international treaties and agreements; Nuremberg Crimes
> Against Humanity; and Nuremberg War Crimes.  In addition, these Defendants
> also committed grievous war crimes by wantonly violating the Hague
> Regulations on Land Warfare of 1907; the Declaration of London on Sea
> Warfare of 1909; the Hague Draft Rules of Aerial Warfare of 1923; the Four
> Geneva Conventions of 1949 and their two Additional Protocols of 1977; and
> the international crime of *genocide* against the *people* of Iraq as
> defined by the International Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of
> the Crime of Genocide of 1948 as well as by the United States' own Genocide
> Convention Implementation Act of 1987, 18 U.S.C. §1901.  Finally, and most
> heinously of all, these Defendants actually perpetrated a Nuremberg Crime
> against their own troops when they forced them to take experimental
> biological weapons vaccines without their informed consent in gross
> violation of the Nuremberg Code on Medical Experimentation that has been
> fully subscribed to by the United States government.
> Universal Jurisdiction
>
> 4. These international crimes create personal criminal responsibility on
> the part of all these Defendants that warrant their prosecution under basic
> norms of customary international law, treaties, and statutes in any state
> of the world community that obtains jurisdiction over them for the rest of
> their lives.  We believe that the International War Crimes Tribunal will
> produce a Judgment that can be put into the hands of every government in
> the world with the injunction that should any of these Defendants ever
> appear within their territorial jurisdiction, they must be apprehended and
> prosecuted for the commission of the specified international crimes.  Like
> unto pirates, these Defendants are *hostes humani generis*—the enemies of
> all humankind!
>
>
>
> *The Historical Origins of the War*
>
> 5.  I do not have the time in this brief presentation to analyze the
> entire history of illegal U.S. military interventionism into the Middle
> East—especially the Persian Gulf region—and in particular its
> divide-and-conquer (*divide et impera*) policies.  Suffice it to say here
> that the "immediate cause" of the United States war to destroy Iraq and
> take over the Arab oil fields in the Persian Gulf goes back to the 1973
> Arab oil boycott of Europe.  The Arab oil states imposed the boycott in
> solidarity with those Arab states that were then attempting to reclaim
> their *lands *that had been illegally stolen from *them *by Israel in
> 1967.  The Arab oil boycott brought Europe to its knees.  Subsequently,
> Arab oil states were able to increase the price of oil to a point of
> economic fairness that would enable them to provide for the basic human
> needs of their own Peoples.
>
>
>
> 6.  But the success of the Arab oil boycott led several prominent U.S.
> government officials in the Nixon administration, and especially Henry
> Kissinger, to publicly threaten that the United States government would
> prepare itself to seize the Arab oil fields in order to prevent something
> like the boycott from ever happening again.  This illegal governmental
> threat was stated openly, publicly, and repeatedly during the course of the
> Nixon administration, the Ford administration, the Carter administration,
> and the Reagan administration.  The Bush administration would finally be
> the one to carry this threat *out—but *only after a decade of active
> preparations.
>
>
> The Rapid Deployment Force
>
>
>
> 7.  During the course of the Carter administration, the United States
> government obtained authorization from Congress to set up, arm, equip, and
> supply the so-called Rapid Deployment Force (RDF), whose primary mission
> was to seize and steal the Arab oil fields of the Persian Gulf region.  So
> the planning and preparations for the U.S. war against Iraq go all the way
> back to the so-called "liberal" Carter administration—at the very least.
> The United States *foreign policy establishment* consists of liberal
> imperialists, reactionary imperialists, and middle-of-the-road
> imperialists.  But they all share in common a firm belief in America's
> "Manifest Destiny" to rule the world.
>
>
>
> 8.  For the next decade, the Pentagon obtained a new generation of
> high-technology conventional weapons possessing massive destructive power
> and lethality; the logistical support network necessary to convey a force
> of 500,000 soldiers over to the Persian Gulf region within six months; and
> base access rights and facilities for that purpose throughout Africa, the
> Middle East, and Southeast Asia.  Working in conjunction with its de facto
> allies in the region such as Egypt and Israel, the Pentagon stockpiled
> enormous quantities of weapons, equipment, and supplies in the immediate
> vicinity of the Persian Gulf as a prelude to military intervention.  Hence,
> the United States government had been planning, preparing, and conspiring
> to seize and steal the Persian Gulf oil fields for over a decade.
>
>
> United States War Plans Against Iraq[i]
> <#m_-8443876270727123466_m_-4550340583556382906__edn1>
>
> 9.  Sometime after the termination of the Iraq-Iran War in the summer of
> 1988, the Pentagon proceeded to revise its outstanding war plans for U.S.
> military intervention into the Persian Gulf region in order to destroy
> Iraq.  Defendant Schwarzkopf was put in charge of this revision.  *In*
> early 1990, Defendant Schwarzkopf informed the Senate Armed Services
> Committee of this new military strategy in the Gulf allegedly designed to
> protect U.S. access to and control over Gulf oil in the event of regional
> conflicts.  In October 1990, Defendant Powell referred to the new military
> plan developed in 1989.  After the war, Defendant Schwarzkopf referred to
> eighteen months of planning for the campaign*—a campaign whose public
> rationale was based on the illegal invasion of Kuwait by Iraq, which
> occurred on August 2, 1990.*
>
>
>
> 10.  Sometime in late 1989 or early 1990, the Pentagon's war plan for
> destroying Iraq and stealing Persian Gulf oil fields was put into motion.
> At that time, Defendant Schwarzkopf was named the Commander of the
> so-called U.S. Central Command—which was the re-named version of the Rapid
> Deployment Force—for the purpose of carrying out the war plan that he had
> personally developed and supervised.  During January of 1990, massive
> quantities of United States weapons, equipment, and supplies were sent to
> Saudi Arabia in order to prepare for the war against Iraq, *again prior
> to Iraq’s invasion of Kuwait.*
>
>
>
> 11.  Pursuant to this war plan, Defendant Webster and the CIA assisted and
> directed Kuwait in its actions of violating OPEC oil production agreements
> to undercut the price of oil for the purpose of debilitating Iraq's
> economy; in extracting excessive and illegal amounts of oil from pools it
> shared with Iraq; in demanding immediate repayment of loans Kuwait had made
> to Iraq during the Iraq-Iran War; and in breaking off negotiations with
> Iraq over these disputes.  The Defendants intended to provoke Iraq into
> aggressive military actions against Kuwait that they knew could be used to
> justify U.S. military intervention into the Persian Gulf for the purpose of
> destroying Iraq *and* taking over Arab oil fields. *To be sure, the
> recitation of these facts is not intended to justify the Iraqi invasion of
> Kuwait.  *
> The U.S. "Green Light" to Invade Kuwait
>
>
>
> 12.  The Defendants showed absolutely no opposition to Iraq's increasing
> threats against Kuwait.  Indeed, when Saddam Hussein requested U.S.
> Ambassador April Glaspie to explain State Department testimony in Congress
> about Iraq's threats against Kuwait, she assured him that the United States
> considered the dispute to be a regional concern, and that it would not
> intervene militarily.  In other words, the United States government gave
> Saddam Hussein what amounted to a "green light" to invade Kuwait.
>
>
>
> 13.  This reprehensible behavior was similar to that of the Carter
> administration during September of 1980, when United States government
> officials gave Saddam Hussein the "green light" to invade Iran and thus
> commence the tragic Iraq-Iran War.[ii]
> <#m_-8443876270727123466_m_-4550340583556382906__edn2>  A decade later,
> Saddam Hussein simply surmised that he had been given yet another "green
> light" by the United States government to commit overt aggression against
> surrounding states.  Only this time, the Defendants knowingly intended to
> lead Iraq into a provocation that could be used to justify intervention and
> warfare by United States military forces for the real purpose of destroying
> Iraq as a military power and seizing Arab oil fields in the Persian Gulf.
>
>
> Bush Is the Bigger War Criminal
>
>
>
> 14.  On August 2, 1990, Iraq invaded and occupied Kuwait without
> significant resistance.  The Kuwaiti government itself estimated that
> approximately 300 people were killed as a result of Iraq's invasion of
> Kuwait, and a few hundred more as a result of the military occupation.  By
> comparison, Defendant Bush's invasion of Panama in December of 1989 took
> between 2,000 and 4,000 Panamanian lives, and the United States government
> is still covering up the actual death toll.  Defendant Bush killed more
> innocent people in Panama than Saddam Hussein did in Kuwait.
>
>
>
> 15.  Defendant Bush's invasion of Panama was even more illegal,
> reprehensible, and criminal than Saddam Hussein's invasion of Kuwait.  The
> world must never forget that the first step in the construction of Bush's
> "New World Order" was his illegal invasion of Panama and the murder of
> thousands of completely innocent Panamanian civilians.  America's
> self-anointed policeman in the Persian Gulf had the blood of the Panamanian
> People on his hands.
>
>
> Bush's Perversion of the Constitution
>
> 16.  Pursuant to the Pentagon's war plan for destroying Iraq and stealing
> Persian Gulf oil fields—and without consultation or communication with
> Congress—Defendant Bush initially ordered 40,000 U.S. military personnel
> into the Persian Gulf region during the first week of August 1990.  He lied
> to the American people and Congress when he stated that his acts were
> purely defensive.  Right from the very outset of this crisis—and even
> beforehand—Defendant Bush fully intended to go to war against Iraq and to
> seize the Arab oil fields in the Persian Gulf.  Defendant Bush deliberately
> misled, deceived, concealed and made false representations to the Congress
> to prevent its free deliberation and informed exercise of legislative power.
>
>
>
> 17.  Defendant Bush intentionally usurped Congressional power, ignored its
> authority, and failed and refused to consult with the Congress.  He
> individually ordered a naval blockade against Iraq—itself an act of
> war—without approval by Congress or the U.N. Security Council.  Defendant
> Bush waited until after the November 1990 elections to publicly announce
> his earlier order sending more than 200,000 additional military personnel
> to the Persian Gulf for offensive purposes without seeking the approval of
> Congress.  Pursuant to the Pentagon's war plan, Defendant Bush switched
> U.S. forces from a defensive position and capability to an offensive
> capacity for aggression against Iraq without consultation with, and
> contrary to assurances given to, Congress and the American people.
>
>
>
> 18.  On the very eve of the war, Defendant Bush then strong-armed
> legislation through Congress that approved enforcement of U.N. resolutions
> vesting absolute discretion in any nation, providing no guidelines, and
> requiring no reporting to the United Nations.  Defendant *Bush
> demonstrated, through the prior planning above indicated, the intention to *destroy
> the armed forces and civilian infrastructure of Iraq.  Those acts were
> undertaken to *provide an international legal cover, under the pretext of
> responding to an act of aggression, for the commission of* a Nuremberg
> Crime Against Peace and war crimes.  This conduct violated the Constitution
> and Laws of the United States and especially the War Powers Clause found in
> Article 1, Section 8 of the Constitution, the U.S. War Powers Act of 1973,
> 87 Stat. 555, and the United Nations Charter, which is the "Supreme Law of
> the Land" under Article 6 of the Constitution.  For this reason alone,
> Defendant Bush and his co-conspirators committed "High Crimes and
> Misdemeanors" that warrant their impeachment, conviction, removal from
> office, and criminal prosecution.
>
>
> Bush's Mad Rush to War
>
> 19.  While concealing his true intentions, Bush continued the military
> buildup of U.S. forces from August into January 1991 for the purpose of
> attacking and destroying Iraq.  Bush pressed the military to expedite
> preparations and to commence the war against Iraq before military
> conditions were optimum for domestic political purposes so that the war
> would not interfere with his presidential reelection campaign.  Indeed, the
> entire timing, conduct and duration of the war were planned so as to
> promote Defendant Bush's reelection prospects.  But as a direct result of
> Defendant Bush's mad rush to war, United States military personnel suffered
> needless casualties.  Defendant Bush has *continued to lie and cover up *to
> the American people and Congress the true nature and extent of U.S.
> casualties during the Persian Gulf War.
>
>
> Bush Corrupted the United Nations
>
> 20.  Defendant Bush repeatedly coerced the members of the United Nations
> Security Council into adopting an unprecedented series of resolutions that
> culminated in his securing authority for any nation to use "all necessary
> means" to enforce these resolutions.  To secure these votes in the Security
> Council, Defendant Bush paid multi-billion-dollar bribes; offered arms for
> regional wars; threatened and carried out economic retaliation; illegally
> forgave multi-billion-dollar loans; offered diplomatic relations despite
> human rights violations; and in other ways corruptly exacted votes. This
> illegal activity subverted and perverted the very purposes and principles
> of the United Nations Charter itself found in articles 1 and 2 thereof.
>
>
> Bush Circumvented and Violated Chapter VI of the United Nations Charter
>
> 21.  In his mad rush to war, Defendant Bush caused the United Nations to
> completely bypass Chapter VI of the U.N. Charter that mandates the pacific
> settlement of international disputes.  Defendant Bush consistently rejected
> and ridiculed all of Iraq's efforts to negotiate a peaceful resolution of
> the dispute.  Defendant Bush proudly boasted that there would be no
> negotiation, no compromise, no face-saving, etc.
>
> 22.  Defendant Bush's successful attempt to subvert every effort for
> negotiating a peaceful resolution of this dispute violated the solemn
> obligation mandating the peaceful resolution of international disputes
> found in article 2, paragraph 3 of the United Nations Charter; in article
> 33, paragraph 1 of the United Nations Charter; and in article 2 of the
> Kellogg-Briand Pact of 1928.  Just like the Nazi war criminals before him,
> Defendant Bush pursued recourse to war as an instrument of his national
> policy and for the solution of international controversies in violation of
> article 1 of the Kellogg-Briand Pact.  Just as the Nazi war criminals *had
> done* by invading Poland in September of 1939, these Defendants
> perpetrated a Nuremberg Crime Against Peace in their decision to go to war
> against Iraq *with the intent* to seize and steal the oil resources of
> the Persian Gulf.
>
>
> The Conduct of the War Itself
>
> 23.  Obviously, in the brief space that has been allotted to me, there is
> no way that I could adequately describe all of the atrocities and war
> crimes that were committed by these Defendants and their Agents during the
> course of their actual conduct of military hostilities against the People
> and State of Iraq.  These matters have been covered in great detail during
> the course of the public investigations and hearings conducted around the
> world by the Commission during the past year.  The results of this work
> will be presented to the members of the International War Crimes Tribunal
> for their consideration and adjudication.  Nonetheless, I will provide you
> here with a succinct account of the major categories of war crimes
> committed by these Defendants during the course of their criminal war
> against Iraq.
>
>
>
> *Bush Ordered the Destruction of Facilities Essential to Civilian Life and
> Economic Productivity Throughout Iraq.*
>
>
>
> 24.  Systematic aerial and missile bombardment of Iraq was ordered to
> begin at 6:30 p.m. E.S.T. January 16, 1991, in order to be reported on
> prime time TV.  The bombing continued for 42 days.  It met no resistance
> from Iraqi aircraft and no effective anti-aircraft or anti-missile ground
> fire.  Iraq was basically defenseless.
>
>
>
> 25.  Most of the targets were civilian facilities.  The United States
> intentionally bombed and destroyed centers for civilian life, commercial
> and business districts, schools, hospitals, mosques, churches, shelters,
> residential areas, historical sites, private vehicles and civilian
> government offices.  In aerial attacks, including strafing, over cities,
> towns, the countryside and highways, United States aircraft bombed and
> strafed indiscriminately.  The purpose of these attacks was to destroy life
> and property, and generally to terrorize the civilian population of Iraq.
> The net effect was the summary execution and *indiscriminate* corporal
> punishment of men, women and children, young and old, rich and poor, of all
> nationalities and religions.
>
>
>
> 26.  As a direct result of this bombing campaign against civilian life, at
> least 25,000 men, women and children were killed.  The Red Crescent Society
> of Jordan estimated 113,000 civilian dead, 60% of them children, the week
> before the end of the war.  According to the Nuremberg Charter, this
> "wanton destruction of cities, towns, or villages" is a Nuremberg War Crime.
>
>
>
> 27.  The intention and effort of this bombing campaign against civilian
> life and facilities was to systematically destroy Iraq's infrastructure
> leaving it in a pre-industrial condition.  The U.S. assault left Iraq in
> near apocalyptic conditions as reported by the first United Nations
> observers after the war.  As a direct, intentional and foreseeable result
> of this anti-civilian destruction, over one hundred thousand people have
> died after the war from dehydration, dysentery, diseases, and malnutrition
> caused by impure water, inability to obtain effective medical assistance
> and debilitation from hunger, shock, cold and stress.  More will die until
> potable water, sanitary living conditions, adequate food supplies and other
> necessities are provided.  Yet Defendant Bush continues to impose punitive
> economic sanctions against the people of Iraq in order to prevent this from
> happening.
>
>
>
> *The United States Intentionally Bombed and Destroyed Defenseless Iraqi
> Military Personnel; Used Excessive Force; Killed Soldiers Seeking to
> Surrender and in Disorganized Individual Flight, Often Unarmed and Far from
> Any Combat Zones; Randomly and Wantonly Killed Iraqi Soldiers; and
> Destroyed Material After the Cease-Fire.*
>
>
>
> 28.  In the first hours of the aerial and missile bombardment, the United
> States destroyed most military communications and began the systematic
> killing of Iraqi soldiers who were incapable of defense or escape, and the
> destruction of military equipment.  The U.S. bombing campaign killed tens
> of thousands of defenseless soldiers, cut off from most of their food,
> water and other supplies, and left them in desperate and helpless
> disarray.  Defendant Schwarzkopf placed Iraqi military casualties at over
> 100,000.  Large numbers of these soldiers were "out of combat" and
> therefore not legitimate targets for military attack.
>
>
>
> 29.  When it was determined that the civilian economy and the military
> were sufficiently destroyed, the U.S. ground forces moved into Kuwait and
> Iraq attacking disoriented, disorganized, fleeing Iraqi forces wherever
> they could be found, killing thousands more and destroying any equipment
> found.  In one particularly shocking maneuver, thousands of Iraqi soldiers
> were needlessly and illegally buried alive.  This wholesale slaughter of
> Iraqi soldiers continued even after and in violation of the so-called
> cease-fire.
>
>
>
> 30.  The Defendants' intention was not to remove Iraq's presence from
> Kuwait.  Rather, their intention was to destroy Iraq.  The disproportion in
> death and destruction inflicted on a defenseless enemy exceeded 1000 to
> one.  The Defendants conducted this genocidal war against the male
> population of Iraq for the express purpose of making sure that Iraq could
> not raise a substantial military force for at least another generation.
>
>
>
> *The United States Used Prohibited Weapons Capable of Mass Destruction and
> Inflicting Indiscriminate Death and Unnecessary Suffering Against Both
> Military and Civilian Targets.*
>
>
>
> 31.  Fuel air explosives were used against troops in place, civilian
> areas, oil fields and fleeing civilians and soldiers on two stretches of
> highway between Kuwait and Iraq.  One seven mile stretch called the
> "Highway of Death" was littered with hundreds of vehicles and thousands of
> dead.  All were fleeing to Iraq for their lives.  Thousands were civilians
> of all ages, including Kuwaitis, Iraqis, Palestinians, Jordanians and other
> nationalities.
>
>
>
> 32.  Napalm was used against civilians and military personnel, as well as
> to start fires.  Oil well fires in both Iraq and Kuwait were intentionally
> started by U.S. aircraft dropping napalm and other heat intensive devices.
>
>
>
> 33.  Cluster bombs and anti-personnel fragmentation bombs were used in
> Basra, and other cities and towns, against the civilian convoys of fleeing
> vehicles and against military units.
>
>
>
> 34.  "Superbombs" were dropped on hardened shelters with the intention of
> assassinating Iraqi President Saddam Hussein—a war crime in its own right.
>
>
>
> The United States Intentionally Attacked Installations in Iraq Containing
> Dangerous Substances and Forces in Violation of Article 56 of Geneva
> Protocol I of 1977.
>
>
>
> 35.  The U.S. intentionally bombed alleged nuclear sites, chemical plants,
> dams and other “dangerous forces.”  The U.S. knew such attacks could cause
> the release of dangerous forces from such installations and consequently
> severe losses among the civilian population.  While some civilians were
> killed in such attacks, there are no reported cases of consequent severe
> losses.  Presumably, lethal nuclear materials, and dangerous chemical and
> biological warfare substances, were not present at the sites bombed.
>
>
>
> *The United States Waged War on the Environment.*
>
> 36.  Before the war started, the Pentagon had developed computer models
> that accurately predicted the environmental catastrophe that would occur
> should the United States go to war against Iraq.  These Defendants went to
> war anyway knowing full well what the consequences of such an environmental
> disaster would be.  Attacks by U.S. aircraft caused much if not all of the
> worst oil spills in the Gulf.  Aircraft and helicopters dropped napalm and
> fuel-air explosives on oil wells, storage tanks and refineries, causing oil
> fires throughout Iraq and many, if not most, of the oil well fires in Iraq
> and Kuwait.
>
>
>
> *Defendant Bush Encouraged and Aided Shiite Muslims and Kurds to Rebel
> Against the Government of Iraq Causing Fratricidal Violence, Emigration,
> Exposure, Hunger and Sickness and Thousands of Deaths.  After the Rebellion
> Failed, the U.S. Invaded and Occupied Parts of Iraq Without Lawful
> Authority in Order to Increase Division and Hostilities Within Iraq*.
>
>
>
> 37.  Without authority from the U.S. Congress or the United Nations,
> Defendant Bush encouraged and aided rebellion against Iraq, failed to
> protect the warring parties, encouraged mass migration of whole populations
> placing them in jeopardy from the elements, hunger and disease.  After much
> suffering and many deaths, Defendant Bush then without authority used U.S.
> military forces to distribute aid at and near the Turkish border, ignoring
> the often greater suffering among refugees in Iran.  He then arbitrarily
> set up *bantustan-*like settlements for Kurds in Iraq and demanded *that*
> Iraq pay for U.S. costs.  When Kurds chose to return to their homes in
> Iraq, he moved U.S. troops further into northern Iraq against the will of
> the government and without any legal authority to do so.  As Defendant
> Baker correctly put it when he visited the area, these atrocities
> constituted a Nuremberg "crime against humanity."  *Although he was
> referring to the culpability of Saddam Hussein, Baker effectively condemned
> the relevant members of the Bush Sr. administration under international
> criminal law as “aiders and abettors” to a Nuremberg crime against
> humanity.*
>
>
>
> Defendant Bush Intentionally Deprived the Iraqi People of Essential
> Medicines, Potable Water, Food and Other Necessities.
>
>
>
> 38.  A major component of the assault on Iraq was the systematic
> deprivation of essential human needs and services, to terrorize and break
> the will of the Iraqi people, to destroy their economic capability, and to
> reduce their numbers and weaken their health.  Towards those ends, the
> Defendants:
>
>
>
> --       imposed and enforced embargoes preventing the shipment of needed
> medicines, water purifiers, infant milk formula, food and other supplies;
>
>
>
> --       froze funds of Iraq and forced other nations to do so, depriving
> Iraq of the ability to purchase needed medicines, food and other supplies;
>
>
>
> --       prevented international organizations, governments and relief
> agencies from providing needed supplies and obtaining information
> concerning such needs;
>
>
>
> --       failed to assist or meet urgent needs of huge refugee populations
> and interfered with efforts of others to do so, etc;
>
> --       the intentional bombing of the water treatment plants, despite
> their awareness of the likely resultant spread of diseases from drinking
> non-potable water.
>
> As a direct result of these cruel and inhuman acts, thousands of people
> died, many more suffered illnesses and permanent injury.  For these
> actions, the Defendants are guilty of Nuremberg Crimes Against Humanity and
> the Crime of Genocide as recognized by international law and U.S. domestic
> law.
>
>
>
> Defendant Bush, Having Destroyed Iraq's Economic Base, Demands Reparations
> Which Will Permanently Impoverish Iraq and Threaten Its People with Famine
> and Epidemic.
>
>
>
> 39.  Defendant Bush seeks to force Iraq to pay for damages to Kuwait
> largely caused by the U.S. and even to pay U.S. costs for its violation of
> Iraqi sovereignty in occupying northern Iraq to further manipulate the
> Kurdish population there.  Such reparations are neo-colonial means of
> expropriating Iraq's oil, natural resources, and human labor.  Meanwhile,
> the United States government dominates and controls the respective
> governments and oil resources of Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Oman, the
> United Arab Emirates, and Qatar.
>
>
>
> 40.  The United States government has successfully carried out its
> longstanding threat and war plan to seize and steal the oil resources of
> the Persian Gulf for its own benefit.  The United States now *either
> directly or indirectly* controls the natural energy resources that fuel
> the economies of Europe and Japan. Acting with their de facto allies in
> Israel and Great Britain, the Defendants are today *seeking to*
> consolidate their control over the entire Middle East in a blatant bid to
> establish worldwide hegemony.
>
>
> Bush's "New World Order"
>
>
>
> 41.  Today, the government in the United States of America constitutes an
> international criminal conspiracy under the Nuremberg Charter, Judgment and
> Principles that is legally identical to the Nazi government in World War II
> Germany.  The Defendants' wanton extermination of approximately 250,000
> people in Iraq provides definitive proof of the validity of this Nuremberg
> Proposition for the entire world to see.  Indeed, Defendant Bush's
> so-called New World Order sounds and looks strikingly similar to the New
> Order proclaimed by Adolph Hitler over fifty years ago.  You do not build a
> *real* New World Order with stealth bombers, Abrams tanks, and tomahawk
> cruise missiles.  For their own good and the good of all humanity, the
> American people must condemn and repudiate Defendant Bush and his grotesque
> vision of a New World Order that is constructed upon warfare, bloodshed,
> violence and criminality.
>
>
> Impeachment
>
>             42.  All of these aforementioned international crimes
> constitute "High Crimes and Misdemeanors" as defined by the Article 2,
> Section 4 of the United States Constitution and therefore warrant the
> impeachment, conviction, and removal from office of Defendants Bush,
> Quayle, Baker, Cheney, Powell, and Scowcroft.  In regard to this matter,
> Congressman Henry Gonzalez of Texas has already introduced an Impeachment
> Resolution into the House of Representatives, that is numbered House
> Resolution 86, calling for the impeachment and removal from office of these
> Defendants because they have committed these international crimes and also
> because they have subverted and perverted constitutional government in
> America "to the manifest injury of the people of the United States."
>
>
> A Special Prosecutor
>
>
>
> 43.  These Defendants must be impeached by the House, tried and convicted
> by the Senate, and removed from office.  Thereafter, we believe that the
> Commission of Inquiry and the International War Crimes Tribunal will have
> produced sufficient evidence to trigger the application of the Ethics in
> Government Act, 28 U.S.C. §591 et seq., that would lead to the appointment
> of an Independent Counsel (i.e., Special Prosecutor) to investigate and
> prosecute these high-ranking officials for the wholesale violation of
> federal criminal laws in their decision to launch and wage this criminal
> war against the people and State of Iraq.  We fully intend to see Bush,
> Baker, Cheney, Quayle, Scowcroft, Webster, Powell, Schwarzkopf and the rest
> of the U.S. High Command sitting in jail for the rest of their natural
> lives.
>
>
> Conclusion
>
> 44.  Make no mistake about it:  The very nature, future and existence of
> the American Republic depends upon the success of these endeavors.  Today,
> the battle begins for the hearts and minds of the American People between
> the Warmongers and the Peacemakers.  We ask all of you to join us in this
> legal campaign and moral crusade to *reclaim for* the United States of
> America a democratic government with a commitment to the Rule of Law and
> the Constitution both at home and abroad.
>
> Notes
>
>
>
>
>
> Francis A. Boyle
>
> Law Building
>
> 504 E. Pennsylvania Ave.
>
> Champaign, IL 61820 USA
>
> 217-333-7954 <(217)%20333-7954> (voice)
>
> 217-244-1478 <(217)%20244-1478> (fax)
>
> (personal comments only)
>
>
>
>
> ------------------------------
>
> ------------------------------
>
> *[i]* <#m_-8443876270727123466_m_-4550340583556382906__ednref1>*
> See Ramsey Clark, Planning U.S. Dominion over the Gulf, in his The Fire
> This Time 3-37 (1992).  See also Ramsey Clark & Others, War Crimes:  A
> Report on United States War Crimes Against Iraq (Maisonneuve Press:  1992).
> *
>
> *[ii]* <#m_-8443876270727123466_m_-4550340583556382906__ednref2>*.
> See Ramsey Clark, The Fire This Time 23-24 (1992); Hamdi A. Hassan, The
> Iraqi Invasion of Kuwait 37, 47-51 (1999); The Glaspie-Hussein Transcript,
> Beyond the Storm 391-96 (Phyllis Bennis & Michel Moushabeck eds. 1991).*
>
> _______________________________________________
> Peace-discuss mailing list
> Peace-discuss at lists.chambana.net
> https://lists.chambana.net/mailman/listinfo/peace-discuss
>
>
-------------- next part --------------
An HTML attachment was scrubbed...
URL: <http://lists.chambana.net/pipermail/peace-discuss/attachments/20180223/da9c68dc/attachment-0001.html>